Method and device for controlling sidelink transmission power in nr v2x

ABSTRACT

Provided are a method in which a first device performs wireless communication, and a device supporting same. The method can comprise the steps of: deciding first power for physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission in a second symbol duration; deciding second power for physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) transmission in a first symbol interval on the basis of the first power; performing the PSCCH transmission to a second device in the first symbol duration on the basis of the second power; and performing the PSSCH transmission to the second device in the second symbol duration on the basis of the first power. The second symbol duration can comprise resources for the PSSCH transmission. The first symbol duration can comprise resources for the PSCCH transmission and the PSSCH transmission.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.17/513,310, filed on Oct. 28, 2021, which is a continuation pursuant to35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of International Application PCT/KR2020/005346, withan international filing date of Apr. 23, 2020, which claims the benefitof U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/839,762, filed on Apr. 28,2019, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/937,163, filed on Nov.18, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/938,247, filedon Nov. 20, 2019, the contents of which are hereby incorporated byreference herein in their entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE Field of the Disclosure

This disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

Related Art

Sidelink (SL) communication is a communication scheme in which a directlink is established between User Equipments (UEs) and the UEs exchangevoice and data directly with each other without intervention of anevolved Node B (eNB). SL communication is under consideration as asolution to the overhead of an eNB caused by rapidly increasing datatraffic.

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) refers to a communication technology throughwhich a vehicle exchanges information with another vehicle, apedestrian, an object having an infrastructure (or infra) establishedtherein, and so on. The V2X may be divided into 4 types, such asvehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I),vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P). The V2Xcommunication may be provided via a PC5 interface and/or Uu interface.

Meanwhile, as a wider range of communication devices require largercommunication capacities, the need for mobile broadband communicationthat is more enhanced than the existing Radio Access Technology (RAT) isrising. Accordingly, discussions are made on services and user equipment(UE) that are sensitive to reliability and latency. And, a nextgeneration radio access technology that is based on the enhanced mobilebroadband communication, massive Machine Type Communication (MTC),Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC), and so on, may bereferred to as a new radio access technology (RAT) or new radio (NR).Herein, the NR may also support vehicle-to-everything (V2X)communication.

FIG. 1 is a drawing for describing V2X communication based on NR,compared to V2X communication based on RAT used before NR. Theembodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Regarding V2X communication, a scheme of providing a safety service,based on a V2X message such as Basic Safety Message (BSM), CooperativeAwareness Message (CAM), and Decentralized Environmental NotificationMessage (DENM) is focused in the discussion on the RAT used before theNR. The V2X message may include position information, dynamicinformation, attribute information, or the like. For example, a UE maytransmit a periodic message type CAM and/or an event triggered messagetype DENM to another UE.

For example, the CAM may include dynamic state information of thevehicle such as direction and speed, static data of the vehicle such asa size, and basic vehicle information such as an exterior illuminationstate, route details, or the like. For example, the UE may broadcast theCAM, and latency of the CAM may be less than 100 ms. For example, the UEmay generate the DENM and transmit it to another UE in an unexpectedsituation such as a vehicle breakdown, accident, or the like. Forexample, all vehicles within a transmission range of the UE may receivethe CAM and/or the DENM. In this case, the DENM may have a higherpriority than the CAM.

Thereafter, regarding V2X communication, various V2X scenarios areproposed in NR. For example, the various V2X scenarios may includevehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, remote driving,or the like.

For example, based on the vehicle platooning, vehicles may move togetherby dynamically forming a group. For example, in order to perform platoonoperations based on the vehicle platooning, the vehicles belonging tothe group may receive periodic data from a leading vehicle. For example,the vehicles belonging to the group may decrease or increase an intervalbetween the vehicles by using the periodic data.

For example, based on the advanced driving, the vehicle may besemi-automated or fully automated. For example, each vehicle may adjusttrajectories or maneuvers, based on data obtained from a local sensor ofa proximity vehicle and/or a proximity logical entity. In addition, forexample, each vehicle may share driving intention with proximityvehicles.

For example, based on the extended sensors, raw data, processed data, orlive video data obtained through the local sensors may be exchangedbetween a vehicle, a logical entity, a UE of pedestrians, and/or a V2Xapplication server. Therefore, for example, the vehicle may recognize amore improved environment than an environment in which a self-sensor isused for detection.

For example, based on the remote driving, for a person who cannot driveor a remote vehicle in a dangerous environment, a remote driver or a V2Xapplication may operate or control the remote vehicle. For example, if aroute is predictable such as public transportation, cloud computingbased driving may be used for the operation or control of the remotevehicle. In addition, for example, an access for a cloud-based back-endservice platform may be considered for the remote driving.

Meanwhile, a scheme of specifying service requirements for various V2Xscenarios such as vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extendedsensors, remote driving, or the like is discussed in NR-based V2Xcommunication.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE Technical Objects

Meanwhile, in NR V2X, PSCCH resource(s) may be allocated in a formsurrounded by PSSCH resource(s). In this case, a UE may have tosimultaneously transmit a PSSCH and a PSCCH in a first time period, andthe UE may have to transmit only the PSSCH without the PSCCH in a secondtime period. In this case, the UE needs to efficiently determine powerfor PSSCH transmission and PSCCH transmission in the first time periodand the second time period.

Technical Solutions

In one embodiment, a method for performing wireless communication by afirst device is provided. The method may comprise: determining a firstpower for physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission in asecond symbol period; determining a second power for physical sidelinkcontrol channel (PSCCH) transmission in a first symbol period based onthe first power; performing, to a second device, the PSCCH transmissionin the first symbol period based on the second power; and performing, tothe second device, the PSSCH transmission in the second symbol periodbased on the first power. Herein, the second symbol period may includeresources for the PSSCH transmission, and the first symbol period mayinclude resources for the PSCCH transmission and the PSSCH transmission.

In one embodiment, a first device configured to perform wirelesscommunication is provided. The first device may comprise: one or morememories storing instructions; one or more transceivers; and one or moreprocessors connected to the one or more memories and the one or moretransceivers. For example, the one or more processors may execute theinstructions to: determine a first power for physical sidelink sharedchannel (PSSCH) transmission in a second symbol period; determine asecond power for physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) transmissionin a first symbol period based on the first power; perform, to a seconddevice, the PSCCH transmission in the first symbol period based on thesecond power; and perform, to the second device, the PSSCH transmissionin the second symbol period based on the first power. Herein, the secondsymbol period may include resources for the PSSCH transmission, and thefirst symbol period may include resources for the PSCCH transmission andthe PSSCH transmission.

Effects of the Disclosure

The user equipment (UE) may efficiently perform SL communication.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a drawing for describing V2X communication based on NR,compared to V2X communication based on RAT used before NR.

FIG. 2 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 3 shows a functional division between an NG-RAN and a 5GC, based onan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 shows a radio protocol architecture, based on an embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 5 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 6 shows a structure of a slot of an NR frame, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a BWP, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 8 shows a radio protocol architecture for a SL communication, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 shows a UE performing V2X or SL communication, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 shows a procedure of performing V2X or SL communication by a UEbased on a transmission mode, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 11 shows three cast types, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 12 shows a resource unit for CBR measurement, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 shows resource allocation for a data channel or a controlchannel, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 shows an example in which a PSCCH, a PSSCH, and CSI-RS(s) areallocated, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 shows a procedure in which a transmitting UE performs powercontrol, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 shows a method for a transmitting UE to perform power control,based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 shows a method for a first device to perform wirelesscommunication, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 18 shows a communication system 1, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 19 shows wireless devices, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 20 shows a signal process circuit for a transmission signal, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 21 shows another example of a wireless device, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 22 shows a hand-held device, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 23 shows a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle, based on an embodimentof the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

In the present disclosure, “A or B” may mean “only A”, “only B” or “bothA and B.” In other words, in the present disclosure. “A or B” may beinterpreted as “A and/or B”. For example, in the present disclosure. “A,B, or C” may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination ofA, B, C”.

A slash (/) or comma used in the present disclosure may mean “and/or”.For example, “A/B” may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly. “A/B” may mean“only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. For example, “A, B, C” may mean“A, B, or C”.

In the present disclosure. “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”,“only B”, or “both A and B”. In addition, in the present disclosure, theexpression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” maybe interpreted as “at least one of A and B”.

In addition, in the present disclosure. “at least one of A, B, and C”may mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B, andC”. In addition. “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B,and/or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C”.

In addition, a parenthesis used in the present disclosure may mean “forexample”. Specifically, when indicated as “control information (PDCCH)”,it may mean that “PDCCH” is proposed as an example of the “controlinformation”. In other words, the “control information” of the presentdisclosure is not limited to “PDCCH”, and “PDDCH” may be proposed as anexample of the “control information”. In addition, when indicated as“control information (i.e., PDCCH)”, it may also mean that “PDCCH” isproposed as an example of the “control information”.

A technical feature described individually in one figure in the presentdisclosure may be individually implemented, or may be simultaneouslyimplemented.

The technology described below may be used in various wirelesscommunication systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA),frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access(TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), singlecarrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and so on. TheCDMA may be implemented with a radio technology, such as universalterrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. The TDMA may beimplemented with a radio technology, such as global system for mobilecommunications (GSM)/general packet ratio service (GPRS)/enhanced datarate for GSM evolution (EDGE). The OFDMA may be implemented with a radiotechnology, such as institute of electrical and electronics engineers(IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, evolved UTRA(E-UTRA), and so on. IEEE 802.16m is an evolved version of IEEE 802.16eand provides backward compatibility with a system based on the IEEE802.16e. The UTRA is part of a universal mobile telecommunication system(UMTS). 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution(LTE) is part of an evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using the E-UTRA. The 3GPP LTEuses the OFDMA in a downlink and uses the SC-FDMA in an uplink.LTE-advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of the LTE.

5G NR is a successive technology of LTE-A corresponding to a newClean-slate type mobile communication system having the characteristicsof high performance, low latency, high availability, and so on. 5G NRmay use resources of all spectrum available for usage including lowfrequency bands of less than 1 GHz, middle frequency bands ranging from1 GHz to 10 GHz, high frequency (millimeter waves) of 24 GHz or more,and so on.

For clarity in the description, the following description will mostlyfocus on LTE-A or 5G NR. However, technical features according to anembodiment of the present disclosure will not be limited only to this.

FIG. 2 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a next generation-radio access network (NG-RAN)may include a BS 20 providing a UE 10 with a user plane and controlplane protocol termination. For example, the BS 20 may include a nextgeneration-Node B (gNB) and/or an evolved-NodeB (eNB). For example, theUE 10 may be fixed or mobile and may be referred to as other terms, suchas a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station(SS), a mobile terminal (MT), wireless device, and so on. For example,the BS may be referred to as a fixed station which communicates with theUE 10 and may be referred to as other terms, such as a base transceiversystem (BTS), an access point (AP), and so on.

The embodiment of FIG. 2 exemplifies a case where only the gNB isincluded. The BSs 20 may be connected to one another via Xn interface.The BS 20 may be connected to one another via 5th generation (5G) corenetwork (5GC) and NG interface. More specifically, the BSs 20 may beconnected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) 30 viaNG-C interface, and may be connected to a user plane function (UPF) 30via NG-U interface.

FIG. 3 shows a functional division between an NG-RAN and a 5GC, based onan embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the gNB may provide functions, such as Inter CellRadio Resource Management (RRM), Radio Bearer (RB) control, ConnectionMobility Control, Radio Admission Control, Measurement Configuration &Provision, Dynamic Resource Allocation, and so on. An AMF may providefunctions, such as Non Access Stratum (NAS) security, idle statemobility processing, and so on. AUPF may provide functions, such asMobility Anchoring, Protocol Data Unit (PDU) processing, and so on. ASession Management Function (SMF) may provide functions, such as userequipment (UE) Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation. PDU sessioncontrol, and so on.

Layers of a radio interface protocol between the UE and the network canbe classified into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2), and a thirdlayer (L3) based on the lower three layers of the open systeminterconnection (OSI) model that is well-known in the communicationsystem. Among them, a physical (PHY) layer belonging to the first layerprovides an information transfer service by using a physical channel,and a radio resource control (RRC) layer belonging to the third layerserves to control a radio resource between the UE and the network. Forthis, the RRC layer exchanges an RRC message between the UE and the BS.

FIG. 4 shows a radio protocol architecture, based on an embodiment ofthe present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 4(a)shows a radio protocol architecture for a user plane, and FIG. 4(b)shows a radio protocol architecture for a control plane. The user planecorresponds to a protocol stack for user data transmission, and thecontrol plane corresponds to a protocol stack for control signaltransmission.

Referring to FIG. 4 , a physical layer provides an upper layer with aninformation transfer service through a physical channel. The physicallayer is connected to a medium access control (MAC) layer which is anupper layer of the physical layer through a transport channel. Data istransferred between the MAC layer and the physical layer through thetransport channel. The transport channel is classified according to howand with what characteristics data is transmitted through a radiointerface.

Between different physical layers, i.e., a physical layer of atransmitter and a physical layer of a receiver, data are transferredthrough the physical channel. The physical channel is modulated using anorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and utilizestime and frequency as a radio resource.

The MAC layer provides services to a radio link control (RLC)layer,which is a higher layer of the MAC layer, via a logical channel. The MAClayer provides a function of mapping multiple logical channels tomultiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides a function oflogical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to asingle transport channel. The MAC layer provides data transfer servicesover logical channels.

The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly ofRadio Link Control Service Data Unit (RLC SDU). In order to ensurediverse quality of service (QoS) required by a radio bearer (RB), theRLC layer provides three types of operation modes, i.e., a transparentmode (TM), an unacknowledged mode (UM), and an acknowledged mode (AM).An AM RLC provides error correction through an automatic repeat request(ARQ).

A radio resource control (RRC) layer is defined only in the controlplane. The RRC layer serves to control the logical channel, thetransport channel, and the physical channel in association withconfiguration, reconfiguration and release of RBs. The RB is a logicalpath provided by the first layer (i.e., the physical layer or the PHYlayer) and the second layer (i.e., the MAC layer, the RLC layer, and thepacket data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer) for data delivery betweenthe UE and the network.

Functions of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer in the userplane include user data delivery, header compression, and ciphering.Functions of a PDCP layer in the control plane include control-planedata delivery and ciphering/integrity protection.

A service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in auser plane. The SDAP layer performs mapping between a Quality of Service(QoS) flow and a data radio bearer (DRB) and QoS flow ID (QFI) markingin both DL and UL packets.

The configuration of the RB implies a process for specifying a radioprotocol layer and channel properties to provide a particular serviceand for determining respective detailed parameters and operations. TheRB can be classified into two types, i.e., a signaling RB (SRB) and adata RB (DRB). The SRB is used as a path for transmitting an RRC messagein the control plane. The DRB is used as a path for transmitting userdata in the user plane.

When an RRC connection is established between an RRC layer of the UE andan RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in an RRC_CONNECTED state, and,otherwise, the UE may be in an RRC_IDLE state. In case of the NR, anRRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a UE being in theRRC_INACTIVE state may maintain its connection with a core networkwhereas its connection with the BS is released.

Data is transmitted from the network to the UE through a downlinktransport channel. Examples of the downlink transport channel include abroadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and adownlink-shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or controlmessages. Traffic of downlink multicast or broadcast services or thecontrol messages can be transmitted on the downlink-SCH or an additionaldownlink multicast channel (MCH). Data is transmitted from the UE to thenetwork through an uplink transport channel. Examples of the uplinktransport channel include a random access channel (RACH) fortransmitting an initial control message and an uplink SCH fortransmitting user traffic or control messages.

Examples of logical channels belonging to a higher channel of thetransport channel and mapped onto the transport channels include abroadcast channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a commoncontrol channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), a multicasttraffic channel (MTCH), etc.

The physical channel includes several OFDM symbols in a time domain andseveral sub-carriers in a frequency domain. One sub-frame includes aplurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain. A resource block is a unitof resource allocation, and consists of a plurality of OFDM symbols anda plurality of sub-carriers. Further, each subframe may use specificsub-carriers of specific OFDM symbols (e.g., a first OFDM symbol) of acorresponding subframe for a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH),i.e., an L1/L2 control channel. A transmission time interval (TTI) is aunit time of subframe transmission.

FIG. 5 shows a structure of an NR system, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined withvarious embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 5 , in the NR, a radio frame may be used forperforming uplink and downlink transmission. A radio frame has a lengthof IOms and may be defined to be configured of two half-frames (HFs).Ahalf-frame may include five ims subframes (SFs). A subframe (SF) may bedivided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within asubframe may be determined based on subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slotmay include 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).

In case of using a normal CP, each slot may include 14 symbols. In caseof using an extended CP, each slot may include 12 symbols. Herein, asymbol may include an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol) and a SingleCarrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbol (or Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM(DFT-s-OFDM) symbol).

Table 1 shown below represents an example of a number of symbols perslot (N^(slot) _(symb)), a number slots per frame (N^(frame,u) _(slot)),and a number of slots per subframe (N^(subframe,u) _(slot)) based on anSCS configuration (u), in a case where a normal CP is used.

TABLE 1 SCS (15 * 2^(u)) N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame,u) _(slot)N^(subframe,u) _(slot)  15 KHz 14 10 1 (u = 0)  30 KHz 14 20 2 (u = 1) 60 KHz 14 40 4 (u = 2) 120 KHz 14 80 8 (u = 3) 240 KHz 14 160 16 (u =4)

Table 2 shows an example of a number of symbols per slot, a number ofslots per frame, and a number of slots per subframe based on the SCS, ina case where an extended CP is used.

TABLE 2 SCS (15 * 2^(u)) N^(slot) _(symb) N^(frame,u) _(slot)N^(subframe,u) _(slot) KHz 12 40 4 (u = 2)

In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerologies (e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on)between multiple cells being integrate to one UE may be differentlyconfigured. Accordingly, a (absolute time) duration (or section) of atime resource (e.g., subframe, slot or TTI) (collectively referred to asa time unit (TU) for simplicity) being configured of the same number ofsymbols may be differently configured in the integrated cells.

In the NR, multiple numerologies or SCSs for supporting diverse 5Gservices may be supported. For example, in case an SCS is 15 kHz, a widearea of the conventional cellular bands may be supported, and, in casean SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz a dense-urban, lower latency, wider carrierbandwidth may be supported. In case the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, abandwidth that is greater than 24.25 GHz may be used in order toovercome phase noise.

An NR frequency band may be defined as two different types of frequencyranges. The two different types of frequency ranges may be FR1 and FR2.The values of the frequency ranges may be changed (or varied), and, forexample, the two different types of frequency ranges may be as shownbelow in Table 3. Among the frequency ranges that are used in an NRsystem, FR1 may mean a “sub 6 GHz range”, and FR2 may mean an “above 6GHz range” and may also be referred to as a millimeter wave (mmW).

TABLE 3 Frequency Range Corresponding designation frequency rangeSubcarrier Spacing (SCS) FR1   450 MHz-6000 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

As described above, the values of the frequency ranges in the system maye changed (or varied). For example, as shown below in Table 4, FR1 mayinclude a band within a range of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. More specifically,FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, andso on) and higher. For example, a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850,5900, 5925 MHz, and so on) and higher being included in FR1 mat includean unlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used for diversepurposes, e.g., the unlicensed band for vehicle-specific communication(e.g., automated driving).

TABLE 4 Frequency Range Corresponding designation frequency rangeSubcarrier Spacing (SCS) FR1   410 MHz-7125 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

FIG. 6 shows a structure of a slot of an NR frame, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 6 , a slot includes a plurality of symbols in a timedomain. For example, in case of a normal CP, one slot may include 14symbols. However, in case of an extended CP, one slot may include 12symbols. Alternatively, in case of a normal CP, one slot may include 7symbols. However, in case of an extended CP, one slot may include 6symbols.

A carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain. AResource Block (RB) may be defined as a plurality of consecutivesubcarriers (e.g., 12 subcarriers) in the frequency domain. A BandwidthPart (BWP) may be defined as a plurality of consecutive (Physical)Resource Blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and the BWP maycorrespond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, and so on). Acarrier may include a maximum of N number BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Datacommunication may be performed via an activated BWP. Each element may bereferred to as a Resource Element (RE) within a resource grid and onecomplex symbol may be mapped to each element.

Meanwhile, a radio interface between a UE and another UE or a radiointerface between the UE and a network may consist of an L1 layer, an L2layer, and an L3 layer. In various embodiments of the presentdisclosure, the L1 layer may imply a physical layer. In addition, forexample, the L2 layer may imply at least one of a MAC layer, an RLClayer, a PDCP layer, and an SDAP layer. In addition, for example, the L3layer may imply an RRC layer.

Hereinafter, a bandwidth part (BWP) and a carmier will be described.

The BWP may be a set of consecutive physical resource blocks (PRBs) in agiven numerology. The PRB may be selected from consecutive sub-sets ofcommon resource blocks (CRBs) for the given numerology on a givencarrier.

When using bandwidth adaptation (BA), a reception bandwidth andtransmission bandwidth of a UE are not necessarily as large as abandwidth of a cell, and the reception bandwidth and transmissionbandwidth of the BS may be adjusted. For example, a network/BS mayinform the UE of bandwidth adjustment. For example, the UE receiveinformation/configuration for bandwidth adjustment from the network/BS.In this case, the UE may perform bandwidth adjustment based on thereceived information/configuration. For example, the bandwidthadjustment may include an increase/decrease of the bandwidth, a positionchange of the bandwidth, or a change in subcarrier spacing of thebandwidth.

For example, the bandwidth may be decreased during a period in whichactivity is low to save power. For example, the position of thebandwidth may move in a frequency domain. For example, the position ofthe bandwidth may move in the frequency domain to increase schedulingflexibility. For example, the subcarrier spacing of the bandwidth may bechanged. For example, the subcarrier spacing of the bandwidth may bechanged to allow a different service. A subset of a total cell bandwidthof a cell may be called a bandwidth part (BWP). The BA may be performedwhen the BS/network configures the BWP to the UE and the BS/networkinforms the UE of the BWP currently in an active state among theconfigured BWPs.

For example, the BWP may be at least any one of an active BWP, aninitial BWP, and/or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitordownlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than an active DL BWP on aprimary cell (PCell). For example, the UE may not receive PDCCH,physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or channel stateinformation-reference signal (CSI-RS) (excluding RRM) outside the activeDL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger a channel state information(CSI) report for the inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may nottransmit physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or physical uplinkshared channel (PUSCH) outside an active UL BWP. For example, in adownlink case, the initial BWP may be given as a consecutive RB set fora remaining minimum system information (RMSI) control resource set(CORESET) (configured by physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). Forexample, in an uplink case, the initial BWP may be given by systeminformation block (SIB) for a random access procedure. For example, thedefault BWP may be configured by a higher layer. For example, an initialvalue of the default BWP may be an initial DL BWP. For energy saving, ifthe UE fails to detect downlink control information (DCI) during aspecific period, the UE may switch the active BWP of the UE to thedefault BWP.

Meanwhile, the BWP may be defined for SL. The same SL BWP may be used intransmission and reception. For example, a transmitting UE may transmitan SL channel or an SL signal on a specific BWP, and a receiving UE mayreceive the SL channel or the SL signal on the specific BWP. In alicensed carrier, the SL BWP may be defined separately from a Uu BWP,and the SL BWP may have configuration signaling separate from the UuBWP. For example, the UE may receive a configuration for the SL BWP fromthe BS/network. The SL BWP may be (pre-)configured in a carrier withrespect to an out-of-coverage NR V2X UE and an RRC_IDLE UE. For the UEin the RRC_CONNECTED mode, at least one SL BWP may be activated in thecarrier.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a BWP, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure. It is assumed in the embodimentof FIG. 7 that the number of BWPs is 3.

Referring to FIG. 7 , a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrierresource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other endthereof. In addition, the PRB may be a resource block numbered withineach BWP. A point A may indicate a common reference point for a resourceblock grid.

The BWP may be configured by a point A, an offset N^(start) _(BWP) fromthe point A, and a bandwidth N^(size) _(BWP). For example, the point Amay be an external reference point of a PRB of a carrier in which asubcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by anetwork on that carrier) is aligned. For example, the offset may be aPRB interval between a lowest subcarrier and the point A in a givennumerology. For example, the bandwidth may be the number of PRBs in thegiven numerology.

Hereinafter, V2X or SL communication will be described.

FIG. 8 shows a radio protocol architecture for a SL communication, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 maybe combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Morespecifically, FIG. 8(a) shows a user plane protocol stack, and FIG. 8(b)shows a control plane protocol stack.

Hereinafter, a sidelink synchronization signal (SLSS) andsynchronization information will be described.

The SLSS may include a primary sidelink synchronization signal (PSSS)and a secondary sidelink synchronization signal (SSSS), as anSL-specific sequence. The PSSS may be referred to as a sidelink primarysynchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS may be referred to as asidelink secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example,length-127 M-sequences may be used for the S-PSS, and length-127 goldsequences may be used for the S-SSS. For example, a UE may use the S-PSSfor initial signal detection and for synchronization acquisition. Forexample, the UE may use the S-PSS and the S-SSS for acquisition ofdetailed synchronization and for detection of a synchronization signalID.

A physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) may be a (broadcast)channel for transmitting default (system) information which must befirst known by the UE before SL signal transmission/reception. Forexample, the default information may be information related to SLSS, aduplex mode (DM), a time division duplex (TDD) uplink/downlink (UL/DL)configuration, information related to a resource pool, a type of anapplication related to the SLSS, a subframe offset, broadcastinformation, or the like. For example, for evaluation of PSBCHperformance, in NR V2X, a payload size of the PSBCH may be 56 bitsincluding 24-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

The S-PSS, the S-SSS, and the PSBCH may be included in a block format(e.g., SL synchronization signal (SS)/PSBCH block, hereinafter,sidelink-synchronization signal block (S-SSB)) supporting periodicaltransmission. The S-SSB may have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CPlength) as a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH)/physical sidelinkshared channel (PSSCH) in a carrier, and a transmission bandwidth mayexist within a (pre-)configured sidelink (SL) BWP. For example, theS-SSB may have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (RBs). For example, thePSBCH may exist across 11 RBs. In addition, a frequency position of theS-SSB may be (pre-)configured. Accordingly, the UE does not have toperform hypothesis detection at frequency to discover the S-SSB in thecarrier.

FIG. 9 shows a UE performing V2X or SL communication, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 9 , in V2X or SL communication, the term ‘UE’ maygenerally imply a UE of a user. However, if a network equipment such asa BS transmits/receives a signal according to a communication schemebetween UEs, the BS may also be regarded as a sort of the UE. Forexample, a UE 1 may be a first apparatus 100, and a UE 2 may be a secondapparatus 200.

For example, the UE 1 may select a resource unit corresponding to aspecific resource in a resource pool which implies a set of series ofresources. In addition, the UE 1 may transmit an SL signal by using theresource unit. For example, a resource pool in which the UE 1 is capableof transmitting a signal may be configured to the UE 2 which is areceiving UE, and the signal of the UE 1 may be detected in the resourcepool.

Herein, if the UE 1 is within a connectivity range of the BS, the BS mayinform the UE 1 of the resource pool. Otherwise, if the UE 1 is out ofthe connectivity range of the BS, another UE may inform the UE 1 of theresource pool, or the UE 1 may use a pre-configured resource pool.

In general, the resource pool may be configured in unit of a pluralityof resources, and each UE may select a unit of one or a plurality ofresources to use it in SL signal transmission thereof.

Hereinafter, resource allocation in SL will be described.

FIG. 10 shows a procedure of performing V2X or SL communication by a UEbased on a transmission mode, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure. In various embodiments of thepresent disclosure, the transmission mode may be called a mode or aresource allocation mode. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation,in LTE, the transmission mode may be called an LTE transmission mode. InNR, the transmission mode may be called an NR resource allocation mode.

For example, FIG. 10(a) shows a UE operation related to an LTEtransmission mode 1 or an LTE transmission mode 3. Alternatively, forexample, FIG. 10(a) shows a UE operation related to an NR resourceallocation mode 1. For example, the LTE transmission mode 1 may beapplied to general SL communication, and the LTE transmission mode 3 maybe applied to V2X communication.

For example, FIG. 10(b) shows a UE operation related to an LTEtransmission mode 2 or an LTE transmission mode 4. Alternatively, forexample, FIG. 10(b) shows a UE operation related to an NR resourceallocation mode 2.

Referring to FIG. 10(a), in the LTE transmission mode 1, the LTEtransmission mode 3, or the NR resource allocation mode 1, a BS mayschedule an SL resource to be used by the UE for SL transmission. Forexample, the BS may perform resource scheduling to a UE 1 through aPDCCH (more specifically, downlink control information (DCI)), and theUE 1 may perform V2X or SL communication with respect to a UE 2according to the resource scheduling. For example, the UE 1 may transmita sidelink control information (SCI) to the UE 2 through a physicalsidelink control channel (PSCCH), and thereafter transmit data based onthe SCI to the UE 2 through a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

Referring to FIG. 10(b), in the LTE transmission mode 2, the LTEtransmission mode 4, or the NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE maydetermine an SL transmission resource within an SL resource configuredby a BS/network or a pre-configured SL resource. For example, theconfigured SL resource or the pre-configured SL resource may be aresource pool. For example, the UE may autonomously select or schedule aresource for SL transmission. For example, the UE may perform SLcommunication by autonomously selecting a resource within a configuredresource pool. For example, the UE may autonomously select a resourcewithin a selective window by performing a sensing and resource(re)selection procedure. For example, the sensing may be performed inunit of subchannels. In addition, the UE 1 which has autonomouslyselected the resource within the resource pool may transmit the SCI tothe UE 2 through a PSCCH, and thereafter may transmit data based on theSCI to the UE 2 through a PSSCH.

FIG. 11 shows three cast types, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with variousembodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 11(a) showsbroadcast-type SL communication, FIG. 11(b) shows unicast type-SLcommunication, and FIG. 11(c) shows groupcast-type SL communication. Incase of the unicast-type SL communication, a UE may perform one-to-onecommunication with respect to another UE. In case of the groupcast-typeSL transmission, the UE may perform SL communication with respect to oneor more UEs in a group to which the UE belongs. In various embodimentsof the present disclosure, SL groupcast communication may be replacedwith SL multicast communication, SL one-to-many communication, or thelike.

Hereinafter, power control will be described.

A method in which a UE controls uplink transmit power thereof mayinclude open loop power control (OLPC) and closed loop power control(CLPC). Based on the OLPC, the UE may estimate a downlink pathloss froma BS of a cell to which the UE belongs, and the UE may perform powercontrol in such a manner that the pathloss is compensated for. Forexample, based on the OLPC, if a distance between the UE and the BSfurther increases and thus a downlink pathloss increases, the UE maycontrol uplink power in such a manner that uplink transmit power isfurther increased. Based on the CLPC, the UE may receive information(e.g., a control signal) required to adjust uplink transmit power fromthe BS, and the UE may control uplink power based on the informationreceived from the BS. That is, based on the CLPC, the UE may control theuplink power based on a direct power control command received from theBS.

The OLPC may be supported in SL. Specifically, when the transmitting UEis inside the coverage of the BS, the BS may enable OPLC for unicast,groupcast, and broadcast transmission based on the pathloss between thetransmitting UE and a serving BS of the transmitting UE. If thetransmitting UE receives information/configuration for enabling the OLPCfrom the BS, the transmitting UE may enable OLPC for unicast, groupcast,or broadcast transmission. This may be to mitigate interference foruplink reception of the BS.

Additionally, at least in case of unicast, a configuration may beenabled to use the pathloss between the transmitting UE and thereceiving UE. For example, the configuration may be pre-configured forthe UE. The receiving UE may report an SL channel measurement result(e.g., SL RSRP) to the transmitting UE, and the transmitting UE mayderive pathloss estimation from the SL channel measurement resultreported by the receiving UE. For example, in SL, if the transmitting UEtransmits a reference signal to the receiving UE, the receiving UE mayestimate a channel between the transmitting UE and the receiving UEbased on the reference signal transmitted by the transmitting UE. Inaddition, the receiving UE may transmit the SL channel measurementresult to the transmitting UE. In addition, the transmitting UE mayestimate the SL pathloss from the receiving UE based on the SL channelmeasurement result. In addition, the transmitting UE may perform SLpower control by compensating for the estimated pathloss, and mayperform SL transmission for the receiving UE. Based on the OLPC in SL,for example, if a distance between the transmitting UE and the receivingUE further increases and thus the SL pathloss increases, thetransmitting UE may control SL transmit power in such a manner that theSL transmit power is further increased. The power control may be appliedin SL physical channel (e.g., PSCCH, PSSCH, physical sidelink feedbackchannel (PSFCH)) and/or SL signal transmission.

In order to support the OLPC, at least in case of unicast, long-termmeasurement (e.g., L3 filtering) may be supported on SL.

For example, total SL transmit power may be identical in symbols usedfor PSCCH and/or PSSCH transmission in a slot. For example, maximum SLtransmit power may be configured for the transmitting UE or may bepre-configured.

For example, in case of the SL OLPC, the transmitting UE may beconfigured to use only a downlink pathloss (e.g., a pathloss between thetransmitting UE and the BS). For example, in case of the SL OLPC, thetransmitting UE may be configured to use only an SL pathloss (e.g., apathloss between the transmitting UE and the receiving UE). For example,in case of the SL OLPC, the transmitting UE may be configured to use adownlink pathloss and the SL pathloss.

For example, if the SL OLPC is configured to use both the downlinkpathloss and the SL pathloss, the transmitting UE may determine aminimum value as transmit power among power obtained based on thedownlink pathloss and power obtained based on the SL pathloss. Forexample, PO and an alpha value may be configured separately for thedownlink pathloss and the SL pathloss or may be pre-configured. Forexample, PO may be a user-specific parameter related to signal tointerference plus noise ratio (SINR) received on average. For example,the alpha value may be a weight value for the pathloss.

Hereinafter, sidelink (SL) congestion control will be described.

If a UE autonomously determines an SL transmission resource, the UE alsoautonomously determines a size and frequency of use for a resource usedby the UE. Of course, due to a constraint from a network or the like, itmay be restricted to use a resource size or frequency of use, which isgreater than or equal to a specific level. However, if all UEs use arelatively great amount of resources in a situation where many UEs areconcentrated in a specific region at a specific time, overallperformance may significantly deteriorate due to mutual interference.

Accordingly, the UE may need to observe a channel situation. If it isdetermined that an excessively great amount of resources are consumed,it is preferable that the UE autonomously decreases the use ofresources. In the present disclosure, this may be defined as congestioncontrol (CR). For example, the UE may determine whether energy measuredin a unit time/frequency resource is greater than or equal to a specificlevel, and may adjust an amount and frequency of use for itstransmission resource based on a ratio of the unit time/frequencyresource in which the energy greater than or equal to the specific levelis observed. In the present disclosure, the ratio of the time/frequencyresource in which the energy greater than or equal to the specific levelis observed may be defined as a channel busy ratio (CBR). The UE maymeasure the CBR for a channel/frequency. Additionally, the UE maytransmit the measured CBR to the network/BS.

FIG. 12 shows a resource unit for CBR measurement, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may becombined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 12 , CBR may denote the number of sub-channels inwhich a measurement result value of a received signal strength indicator(RSSI) has a value greater than or equal to a pre-configured thresholdas a result of measuring the RSSI by a UE on a sub-channel basis for aspecific period (e.g., 100 ms). Alternatively, the CBR may denote aratio of sub-channels having a value greater than or equal to apre-configured threshold among sub-channels for a specific duration. Forexample, in the embodiment of FIG. 12 , if it is assumed that a hatchedsub-channel is a sub-channel having a value greater than or equal to apre-configured threshold, the CBR may denote a ratio of the hatchedsub-channels for a period of 100 ms. Additionally, the CBR may bereported to the BS.

Further, congestion control considering a priority of traffic (e.g.packet) may be necessary. To this end, for example, the UE may measure achannel occupancy ratio (CR). Specifically, the UE may measure the CBR,and the UE may determine a maximum value CRlimitk of a channel occupancyratio k (CRk) that can be occupied by traffic corresponding to eachpriority (e.g., k) based on the CBR. For example, the UE may derive themaximum value CRlimitk of the channel occupancy ratio with respect to apriority of each traffic, based on a predetermined table of CBRmeasurement values. For example, in case of traffic having a relativelyhigh priority, the UE may derive a maximum value of a relatively greatchannel occupancy ratio. Thereafter, the UE may perform congestioncontrol by restricting a total sum of channel occupancy ratios oftraffic, of which a priority k is lower than 1, to a value less than orequal to a specific value. Based on this method, the channel occupancyratio may be more strictly restricted for traffic having a relativelylow priority.

In addition thereto, the UE may perform SL congestion control by using amethod of adjusting a level of transmit power, dropping a packet,determining whether retransmission is to be performed, adjusting atransmission RB size (MCS coordination), or the like.

Hereinafter, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) procedure will bedescribed.

An error compensation scheme is used to secure communicationreliability. Examples of the error compensation scheme may include aforward error correction (FEC) scheme and an automatic repeat request(ARQ) scheme. In the FEC scheme, errors in a receiving end are correctedby attaching an extra error correction code to information bits. The FECscheme has an advantage in that time delay is small and no informationis additionally exchanged between a transmitting end and the receivingend but also has a disadvantage in that system efficiency deterioratesin a good channel environment. The ARQ scheme has an advantage in thattransmission reliability can be increased but also has a disadvantage inthat a time delay occurs and system efficiency deteriorates in a poorchannel environment.

A hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme is a combination of theFEC scheme and the ARQ scheme. In the HARQ scheme, it is determinedwhether an unrecoverable error is included in data received by aphysical layer, and retransmission is requested upon detecting theerror, thereby improving performance.

In case of SL unicast and groupcast, HARQ feedback and HARQ combining inthe physical layer may be supported. For example, when a receiving UEoperates in a resource allocation mode 1 or 2, the receiving UE mayreceive the PSSCH from a transmitting UE, and the receiving UE maytransmit HARQ feedback for the PSSCH to the transmitting UE by using asidelink feedback control information (SFCI) format through a physicalsidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

For example, the SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for unicast. In thiscase, in a non-code block group (non-CBG) operation, if the receiving UEdecodes a PSCCH of which a target is the receiving UE and if thereceiving UE successfully decodes a transport block related to thePSCCH, the receiving UE may generate HARQ-ACK. In addition, thereceiving UE may transmit the HARQ-ACK to the transmitting UE.Otherwise, if the receiving UE cannot successfully decode the transportblock after decoding the PSCCH of which the target is the receiving UE,the receiving UE may generate the HARQ-NACK. In addition, the receivingUE may transmit HARQ-NACK to the transmitting UE.

For example, the SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for groupcast. Forexample, in the non-CBG operation, two HARQ feedback options may besupported for groupcast.

(1) Groupcast option 1: After the receiving UE decodes the PSCCH ofwhich the target is the receiving UE, if the receiving UE fails indecoding of a transport block related to the PSCCH, the receiving UE maytransmit HARQ-NACK to the transmitting UE through a PSFCH. Otherwise, ifthe receiving UE decodes the PSCCH of which the target is the receivingUE and if the receiving UE successfully decodes the transport blockrelated to the PSCCH, the receiving UE may not transmit the HARQ-ACK tothe transmitting UE.

(2) Groupcast option 2: After the receiving UE decodes the PSCCH ofwhich the target is the receiving UE, if the receiving UE fails indecoding of the transport block related to the PSCCH, the receiving UEmay transmit HARQ-NACK to the transmitting UE through the PSFCH. Inaddition, if the receiving UE decodes the PSCCH of which the target isthe receiving UE and if the receiving UE successfully decodes thetransport block related to the PSCCH, the receiving UE may transmit theHARQ-ACK to the transmitting UE through the PSFCH.

For example, if the groupcast option 1 is used in the SL HARQ feedback,all UEs performing groupcast communication may share a PSFCH resource.For example, UEs belonging to the same group may transmit HARQ feedbackby using the same PSFCH resource.

For example, if the groupcast option 2 is used in the SL HARQ feedback,each UE performing groupcast communication may use a different PSFCHresource for HARQ feedback transmission. For example, UEs belonging tothe same group may transmit HARQ feedback by using different PSFCHresources.

For example, when the SL HARQ feedback is enabled for groupcast, thereceiving UE may determine whether to transmit the HARQ feedback to thetransmitting UE based on a transmission-reception (TX-RX) distanceand/or RSRP.

For example, in the groupcast option 1, in case of the TX-RXdistance-based HARQ feedback, if the TX-RX distance is less than orequal to a communication range requirement, the receiving UE maytransmit HARQ feedback for the PSSCH to the transmitting UE. Otherwise,if the TX-RX distance is greater than the communication rangerequirement, the receiving UE may not transmit the HARQ feedback for thePSSCH to the transmitting UE. For example, the transmitting UE mayinform the receiving UE of a location of the transmitting UE through SCIrelated to the PSSCH. For example, the SCI related to the PSSCH may besecond SCI. For example, the receiving UE may estimate or obtain theTX-RX distance based on a location of the receiving UE and the locationof the transmitting UE. For example, the receiving UE may decode the SCIrelated to the PSSCH and thus may know the communication rangerequirement used in the PSSCH.

For example, in case of the resource allocation mode 1, a time (offset)between the PSFCH and the PSSCH may be configured or pre-configured. Incase of unicast and groupcast, if retransmission is necessary on SL,this may be indicated to a BS by an in-coverage UE which uses the PUCCH.The transmitting UE may transmit an indication to a serving BS of thetransmitting UE in a form of scheduling request (SR)/buffer statusreport (BSR), not a form of HARQ ACK/NACK. In addition, even if the BSdoes not receive the indication, the BS may schedule an SLretransmission resource to the UE. For example, in case of the resourceallocation mode 2, a time (offset) between the PSFCH and the PSSCH maybe configured or pre-configured.

For example, from a perspective of UE transmission in a carrier, TDMbetween the PSCCH/PSSCH and the PSFCH may be allowed for a PSFCH formatfor SL in a slot. For example, a sequence-based PSFCH format having asingle symbol may be supported. Herein, the single symbol may not an AGCduration. For example, the sequence-based PSFCH format may be applied tounicast and groupcast.

For example, in a slot related to a resource pool, a PSFCH resource maybe configured periodically as N slot durations, or may bepre-configured. For example, N may be configured as one or more valuesgreater than or equal to 1. For example, N may be 1, 2, or 4. Forexample, HARQ feedback for transmission in a specific resource pool maybe transmitted only through a PSFCH on the specific resource pool.

For example, if the transmitting UE transmits the PSSCH to the receivingUE across a slot #X to a slot #N, the receiving UE may transmit HARQfeedback for the PSSCH to the transmitting UE in a slot #(N+A). Forexample, the slot #(N+A) may include a PSFCH resource. Herein, forexample, A may be a smallest integer greater than or equal to K. Forexample, K may be the number of logical slots. In this case, K may bethe number of slots in a resource pool. Alternatively, for example, Kmay be the number of physical slots. In this case, K may be the numberof slots inside or outside the resource pool.

For example, if the receiving UE transmits HARQ feedback on a PSFCHresource in response to one PSSCH transmitted by the transmitting UE tothe receiving UE, the receiving UE may determine a frequency domainand/or code domain of the PSFCH resource based on an implicit mechanismin a configured resource pool. For example, the receiving UE maydetermine the frequency domain and/or code domain of the PSFCH resource,based on at least one of a slot index related to PSCCH/PSSCH/PSFCH, asub-channel related to PSCCH/PSSCH, and/or an identifier for identifyingeach receiving UE in a group for HARQ feedback based on the groupcastoption 2. Additionally/alternatively, for example, the receiving UE maydetermine the frequency domain and/or code domain of the PSFCH resource,based on at least one of SL RSRP, SINR, L1 source ID, and/or locationinformation.

For example, if HARQ feedback transmission through the PSFCH of the UEand HARQ feedback reception through the PSFCH overlap, the UE may selectany one of HARQ feedback transmission through the PSFCH and HARQfeedback reception through the PSFCH based on a priority rule. Forexample, the priority rule may be based on at least priority indicationof the related PSCCH/PSSCH.

For example, if HARQ feedback transmission of a UE through a PSFCH for aplurality of UEs overlaps, the UE may select specific HARQ feedbacktransmission based on the priority rule. For example, the priority rulemay be based on at least priority indication of the related PSCCH/PSSCH.

Meanwhile, in order to increase the usage efficiency of resources fordata, a form in which resource(s) for a PSCCH is surrounded byresource(s) for a PSSCH may be supported in the next communicationsystem.

FIG. 13 shows resource allocation for a data channel or a controlchannel, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theembodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 13 , resource(s) for a control channel (e.g., PSCCH)may be allocated in a form surrounded by resource(s) for a data channel(e.g., PSSCH).

Meanwhile, from the viewpoint of a transmitting UE, in order to preventa transient period between PSCCH/PSSCH transmission from occurring, atleast total transmit power needs to be kept constant during a period ofthe PSCCH/PSSCH transmission. From the viewpoint of a receiving UE, inorder to prevent an additional Automatic Gain Control (AGC) period fromoccurring between PSCCH/PSSCH reception, at least total transmit powerneeds to be kept constant during a period of the PSCCH/PSSCHtransmission.

In addition, since a PSCCH can be used for a sensing operation of UE(s)in addition to a UE desiring to receive a PSSCH, a coverage of the PSCCHneeds to be guaranteed at a certain level. To this end, when configuringpower for transmitting the PSCCH, boosting of Power Spectrum Density(PSD) or transmit power may be considered. If Energy Per ResourceElement (EPRE) or PSD for the PSSCH is different for each symbol, forexample, if EPRE or PSD for the PSSCH is different for each symboldepending on a region in which the PSCCH and the PSSCH are frequencydivision multiplexed (FDMed) and other regions. QAM demodulation may beineffective or inefficient if a receiving UE cannot know thecorresponding change value.

Accordingly, there may be a need for a method for a transmitting UE toefficiently control SL transmit power. Hereinafter, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure, a method for controlling SLtransmit power and an apparatus supporting the same will be described.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, a Channel StateInformation Reference Signal(s) (CSI-RS(s)) for SL may be defined. Forexample, a UE may obtain Channel State Information (CSI) for SL or V2Xbased on the CSI-RS(s). For example, the CSI for SL or V2X may includeat least one of Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding MatrixIndicator (PMI), Rank Indicator (RI), RSRP, RSRQ, path gain, path loss,CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), an interference condition, or a vehiclemotion. For example, the CSI-RS(s) may be transmitted surrounded byPSSCH (time and frequency) resource(s). Based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure, a receiving UE may know reference transmit power forthe CSI-RS(s), and the receiving UE may estimate CQI and/or RI based onthe CSI-RS(s).

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, a transmitting UE maytransmit at least one of a PSCCH, CSI-RS(s), or Phase Tracking ReferenceSignal(s) (PT-RS(s)) by confining it within time and frequencyresource(s) of a PSSCH. For example, the PSCCH, the CSI-RS(s), or thePT-RS(s) may be transmitted surrounded by the PSSCH. The PT-RS(s) may bereference signal(s) used for phase compensation for the PSSCH. Forexample, the PT-RS(s) may be mapped to time/frequency resource(s) (e.g.,resource element(s)) in consideration of a time density definedaccording to a scheduled MCS and/or a frequency density definedaccording to a scheduled bandwidth. If the PSCCH, the CSI-RS(s), or thePT-RS(s) is transmitted and received by being surrounded by the PSSCH,problem(s) of a transient period, an additional AGC period, and/or aninter band emission (IBE) may be avoided.

Also, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, EPRE forPT-RS(s) may be configured to be the same as EPRE for a PSSCH mapped tothe same symbol. Therefore, in the following embodiments of the presentdisclosure, the PSSCH mapping region may include PT-RS(s) or may notinclude PT-RS(s). The EPRE may be energy or power allocated to oneresource element (RE). In the following embodiments, transmitting aPSSCH by a UE may include transmitting PT-RS(s) by the UE. For example,a ratio between PT-RS EPRE and PSSCH EPRE may be defined or determinedby at least one of the number of PSSCH layers or the number of PT-RSports, and may be configured or pre-configured for the UE.

FIG. 14 shows an example in which a PSCCH, a PSSCH, and CSI-RS(s) areallocated, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theembodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 14 , it is assumed that the PSCCH is transmittedthrough M resource blocks (RBs). It is assumed that the PSSCH istransmitted through N resource blocks. It is assumed that transmit powerboosting for the PSCCH is X [dB]. For example, the X value may be afixed value (in the system). For example, the X value may be a(pre-)configured value for a UE. In the present disclosure, a linearvalue of X [dB] may be expressed as X. For example, the relationshipbetween X and X′ may be defined by Equation 1 or Equation 2.

X′=10^(X/10)  [Equation 1]

10 log₁₀ X′=X  [Equation 2]

Referring back to FIG. 14 , it is assumed that the CSI-RS(s) istransmitted through L subcarriers. In the present disclosure, a set ofsymbols in which the PSCCH and the PSSCH are FDMed may be referred to asa first symbol group. That is, a set of symbols in which the PSCCH andthe PSSCH are transmitted through different frequencies at the same timemay be referred to as a first symbol group. In addition, a set ofsymbols in which the PSSCH is transmitted and the PSCCH is nottransmitted may be referred to as a second symbol group. For example,the UE may transmit the PSCCH and the PSSCH in a first symbol period,and the UE may transmit the PSSCH in a second symbol period. Forexample, the first symbol period may be referred to as a PSCCH-PSSCHtransmission occasion. Hereinafter, a method for the UE to perform powercontrol for the PSCCH, the PSSCH and/or the CSI-RS(s) will be describedin more detail.

FIG. 15 shows a procedure in which a transmitting UE performs powercontrol, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theembodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 , in step S1500, the transmitting UEmay determine/calculate total transmit power. For example, the totaltransmit power may be transmit power to be applied to at least one of aPSCCH, a PSSCH, CSI-RS(s), and PT-RS(s).

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting UEmay configure total transmit power based on configured power. P_(CMAX),and/or power required for the PSSCH. For example, the configured powermay be used in a specific situation (e.g., NR sidelink mode 2 operationand/or combination of mode 1 and mode 2 operation). For example, thetransmitting UE may determine/calculate total transmit power based onEquation 3. For example, the transmitting UE may determine/calculatetotal transmit power based on Equation 4.

P _(SL) =P _(PSSCH)=min(P _(CMAX) ,P _(MAX_CBR),10 log₁₀(N)+P_(O_PSSCH)+α_(PSSCH) ·PL)  [Equation 3]

P _(SL) =P _(PSSCH)=min(P _(CMAX) ,P _(MAX_CBR),10 log₁₀(2^(u) N)+P_(O_PSSCH)+α_(PSSCH) ·PL  [Equation 4]

Herein, P_(SL) may be a total transmit power value, and P_(PSSCH) may bea total transmit power value determined based on the PSSCH. P_(CMAX) maybe a maximum UE transmit power value, P_(MAX_CBR) may be a maximumtransmit power value based on CBR, and N may be the number of resourceblocks in which the PSSCH is transmitted. For example, P_(CMAX) may be amaximum UE transmit power value for each carrier related to SLcommunication. For example, P_(CMAX) may be a maximum UE transmit powervalue for each serving cell related to SL communication. For example,P_(MAX_CBR) may be a maximum transmit power value for each bandwidthpart (BWP) in which SL communication based on CBR is activated. Forexample, P_(MAX_CBR) may be a maximum transmit power value for eachcarrier related to SL communication based on CBR. For example,P_(MAX_CBR) may be a maximum transmit power value for each serving cellrelated to SL communication based on CBR. P_(O_PSSCH) and/or α_(PSSCH)may be values pre-defined in the system or (pre-)configured for the UE,and PL may be at least one of the downlink pathloss and the sidelinkpathloss. For example, the maximum UE transmit power value may be avalue to which maximum power reduction (MPR) according to theimplementation of the UE is applied to the configured maximum UE outputpower, u may indicate/represent a subcarrier size and/or a CP length(i.e., numerology). For example, in the case of a 15 kHz subcarriersize, u=0. For example, in the case of a 30 kHz subcarrier size, u=1.For example, the relationship between the subcarrier size and u mayrefer to Table 1 or Table 2. In the case of the UE operating in SL mode1, P_(MAX_CBR) may be omitted in the above equation.

Based on the above method, the transmitting UE may determine totaltransmit power based on the PSSCH. Accordingly, in the case of usingpower boosting for the PSCCH, and/or in the case of the differencebetween the number of resource blocks for the PSCCH and the number ofresource blocks for the PSSCH being less than or equal to a certainlevel, a coverage of the PSCCH may be limited.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting UEmay configure total transmit power based on configured power, P_(CMAX),and/or power required for the PSCCH. For example, the configured powermay be used in a specific situation (e.g., NR sidelink mode 2 operationand/or combination of mode 1 and mode 2 operation). For example, thetransmitting UE may determine/calculate total transmit power based onEquation 5.

P _(SL) =P _(PSCCH)=min(P _(CMAX) ,P _(MAX_CBR),10 log₁₀(X′M)+P_(O_PSCCH)+α_(PSCCH) ·PL)  [Equation 5]

Herein, P_(SL) may be a total transmit power value, and P_(PSCCH) may bea total transmit power value determined based on the PSCCH. P_(CMAX) maybe a maximum UE transmit power value, and P_(MAX_CBR) may be a maximumtransmit power value based on CBR. If transmit power boosting for thePSCCH is X [dB], X′ may be a linear value of X. M may be the number ofresource blocks in which the PSCCH is transmitted. P_(O_PSCCH) and/orα_(PSCCH) may be values pre-defined in the system or (pre-)configuredfor the UE, and PL may be at least one of the downlink pathloss and thesidelink pathloss. For example, the maximum UE transmit power value maybe a value to which maximum power reduction (MPR) according to theimplementation of the UE is applied to the configured maximum UE outputpower. In the case of the UE operating in SL mode 1. P_(MAX_CBR) may beomitted in the above equation.

Based on the above method, the transmitting UE may determine totaltransmit power based on the PSCCH. Therefore, in the symbol region inwhich the PSCCH and the PSSCH are FDMed, the transmitting UE may not beable to allocate power to the PSSCH. Alternatively, in order for thetransmitting UE to allocate power to the PSSCH in the symbol region inwhich the PSCCH and the PSSCH are FDMed, a coverage of the PSCCH may belimited. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, thetransmitting UE may additionally consider a scaling factor. Equation 6or Equation 7 shows an example of transmit power in consideration of ascaling factor.

P _(SL) =P _(PSCCH)=min(P _(CMAX) ,P _(MAX_CBR),10 log₁₀(βX′M)+P_(O_PSCCH)+α_(PSCCH) ·PL)  [Equation 6]

Herein, P_(SL) may be a total transmit power value, and P_(PSCCH) may bea total transmit power value determined based on the PSCCH. P_(CMAX) maybe a maximum UE transmit power value, and P_(MAX_CBR) may be a maximumtransmit power value based on CBR. β may be a real number greaterthan 1. If transmit power boosting for the PSCCH is X [dB], X′ may be alinear value of X. M may be the number of resource blocks in which thePSCCH is transmitted. P_(O_PSCCH) and/or α_(PSCCH) may be valuespre-defined in the system or (pre-)configured for the UE, and PL may beat least one of the downlink pathloss and the sidelink pathloss. Forexample, the maximum UE transmit power value may be a value to whichmaximum power reduction (MPR) according to the implementation of the UEis applied to the configured maximum UE output power. In the case of theUE operating in SL mode 1, P_(MAX_CBR) may be omitted in the aboveequation.

P _(SL) =P _(PSCCH)=min(P _(CMAX) ,P _(MAX_CBR),10 log₁₀(X′M+β)+P_(O_PSCCH)+α_(PSCCH) ·PL)  [Equation 7]

Herein, P_(SL) may be a total transmit power value, and P_(PSCCH) may bea total transmit power value determined based on the PSCCH. P_(CMAX) maybe a maximum UE transmit power value, and P_(MAX_CBR) may be a maximumtransmit power value based on CBR. β may be a positive real number. Iftransmit power boosting for the PSCCH is X [dB], X′ may be a linearvalue of X. M may be the number of resource blocks in which the PSCCH istransmitted. P_(O_PSCCH) and/or α_(PSCCH) may be values pre-defined inthe system or (pre-)configured for the UE, and PL may be at least one ofthe downlink pathloss and the sidelink pathloss. For example, themaximum UE transmit power value may be a value to which maximum powerreduction (MPR) according to the implementation of the UE is applied tothe configured maximum UE output power. In the case of the UE operatingin SL mode 1. P_(MAX_CBR) may be omitted in the above equation.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting UEmay configure total transmit power based on configured power. P_(CMAX),and/or power required for a PSXCH. For example, the power required forthe PSXCH may include power required for the PSCCH and/or power requiredfor the PSSCH. For example, the configured power may be used in aspecific situation (e.g., NR sidelink mode 2 operation and/orcombination of mode 1 and mode 2 operation). For example, thetransmitting UE may determine/calculate total transmit power based onEquation 8.

P _(SL) =P _(PSCCH_PSSCH)=min(P _(CMAX) ,P _(MAX_CBR),10log₁₀(X′M+Y′(N−M)+P _(O_PSXCH)+α_(PSXCH) ·PL)  [Equation 8]

Herein, P_(SL) may be a total transmit power value, and P_(PSCCH_PSSCH)may be a total transmit power value determined based on the PSCCH andthe PSSCH. P_(CMAX) may be a maximum UE transmit power value, andP_(MAX_CBR) may be a maximum transmit power value based on CBR. Iftransmit power boosting for the PSCCH is X [dB], X′ may be a linearvalue of X. If transmit power de-boosting for the PSSCH in the firstsymbol group is Y [dB], Y′ may be a linear value of Y. M may be thenumber of resource blocks in which the PSCCH is transmitted, and N maybe the number of resource blocks in which the PSSCH is transmitted.P_(O_PSXCH) may be determined based on P_(O_PSCCH) or P_(O_PSSCH). Forexample, P_(O_PSXCH) may be min (P_(O_PSCCH), P_(O_PSSCH)), max(P_(O_PSCCH), P_(O_PSSCH)), or average (P_(O_PSCCH), P_(O_PSSCH)).α_(PSXCH) may be determined based on α_(PSCCH) or α_(PSSCH). Forexample, α_(PSXCH) may be min (α_(PSCCH), α_(PSSCH)), max (α_(PSCCH),α_(PSSCH)), or average (α_(PSCCH), α_(PSSCH)). P_(O_PSCCH), P_(O_PSSCH),α_(PSCCH) and/or α_(PSSCH) may be values pre-defined in the system or(pre-)configured for the UE, and PL may be at least one of the downlinkpathloss and the sidelink pathloss. For example, the maximum UE transmitpower value may be a value to which maximum power reduction (MPR)according to the implementation of the UE is applied to the configuredmaximum UE output power. In the case of the UE operating in SL mode 1,P_(MAX_CBR) may be omitted in the above equation.

Based on the above method, the transmitting UE may determine totaltransmit power based on the PSCCH and the PSSCH. Accordingly, powerrequired for the PSCCH can be guaranteed. If Y′=1, the transmitting UEmay allocate power to all REs for the PSSCH without power loss. In thiscase, a power gain may occur for the second symbol group. That is, basedon the above method, total transmit power may increase unnecessarily.

Accordingly, in order to prevent total transmit power from increasingunnecessarily, Y′ may be set to a value less than 1. The Y′ value may beset as close as possible to power required for the PSSCH in the secondsymbol group, and thus power efficiency may be achieved. However, afterpower allocation for the PSCCH in the first symbol group, damage forEPRE may occur. For example, the Y value may be fixed (in the system).Alternatively, for example, the Y value may be (pre-)configured for theUE. Specifically, for example, the Y value may be independentlyconfigured for each resource pool. For example, the Y value may be asingle value. Alternatively, for example, the Y value may be a variablevalue by being related to value(s) of PSCCH allocation and/or PSSCHallocation and/or PSCCH power boosting. For example, if the number ofresource blocks allocated for the PSSCH is large, or if power requiredfor the PSSCH is large, a value corresponding to the corresponding Yvalue may be configured as total transmit power. Conversely, if thenumber of resource blocks allocated for the PSSCH is small, or if powerrequired for the PSSCH is small, the Y value may have a lower limitvalue to secure EPRE for the PSSCH to a certain level. For example, Y′may be defined as in Equation 9.

$\begin{matrix}{Y^{\prime} = {\max\left( {\frac{N - {X^{\prime}M}}{N - M},Y_{\min}^{\prime}} \right)}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}9} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Herein, Y′ may be a linear value of Y. M may be the number of resourceblocks in which the PSCCH is transmitted, and N may be the number ofresource blocks in which the PSSCH is transmitted. Y′_(min) may be aminimum value of Y′. If transmit power boosting for the PSCCH is X [dB],X′ may be a linear value of X.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting UEmay configure total transmit power based on configured power, P_(CMAX),power required for the PSCCH, and/or power required for the PSSCH. Forexample, the transmitting UE may determine/calculate total transmitpower based on Equation 10 or Equation 11. For example, total transmitpower may be configured based on a maximum value of power required foreach symbol group.

P _(SL)=min(P _(CMAX) ,P _(MAX_CBR),max(10 log₁₀(X′M+Y′ _(min)(N−M))+P_(O_PSCCH)+α_(PSCCH) ·PL,10 log₁₀(N)+P _(O_PSSCH)+α_(PSSCH)·PL))  [Equation 10]

P _(SL)=min(P _(CMAX) ,P _(MAX_CBR),max(10 log₁₀(X′M)+P_(O_PSCCH)+α_(PSCCH) ·PL,10 log₁₀(N)+P _(O_PSSCH)+α_(PSSCH)·PL))  [Equation 11]

Herein, P_(SL) may be a total transmit power value. P_(CMAX) may be amaximum UE transmit power value, and P_(MAX_CBR) may be a maximumtransmit power value based on CBR. If transmit power boosting for thePSCCH is X [dB], X′ may be a linear value of X. If transmit powerde-boosting for the PSSCH in the first symbol group is Y [dB], Y′ may bea linear value of Y. Y′_(min) may be a minimum value of Y′. M may be thenumber of resource blocks in which the PSCCH is transmitted, and N maybe the number of resource blocks in which the PSSCH is transmitted.P_(O_PSCCH), P_(O_PSSCH), α_(PSCCH) and/or α_(PSSCH) may be valuespre-defined in the system or (pre-)configured for the UE, and PL may beat least one of the downlink pathloss and the sidelink pathloss. Forexample, the maximum UE transmit power value may be a value to whichmaximum power reduction (MPR) according to the implementation of the UEis applied to the configured maximum UE output power. In the case of theUE operating in SL mode 1, P_(MAX_CBR) may be omitted in the aboveequation.

Referring back to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 , in step S1510, the transmittingUE may allocate total transmit power determined in step S1500 to thePSCCH, the PSSCH and/or the CSI-RS(s). Considering QAM demodulation, thereceiving UE needs to know EPRE ratio for the PSSCH between the firstsymbol group and the second symbol group. In the present disclosure, theratio of PSSCH EPRE in the first symbol group and PSSCH EPRE in thesecond symbol group may be referred to as a PSSCH EPRE ratio (γ). Forexample, PSSCH EPRE in the second symbol group may be PSSCH EPRE insymbol(s) which does not include CSI-RS(s) in the second symbol group.For example, γ may be defined as in Equation 12.

$\begin{matrix}{\gamma = \frac{{PSSCH}{EPRE}{in}{first}{symbol}{group}}{{PSSCH}{EPRE}{in}{second}{symbol}{group}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}12} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

(1) In the Case of the Second Symbol Group

In the case of the second symbol group, for example, in the case of aset of symbols which does not include the PSCCH and includes the PSSCH,the transmitting UE may allocate total transmit power (P_(SL)) to thePSSCH, the CSI-RS(s) and/or the PT-RS(s).

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, EPRE for the CSI-RS(s)and/or the PT-RS may be configured to be the same as PSSCH EPREtransmitted in the same symbol. In this case, the transmitting UE mayallocate a value obtained by dividing a linear value of total transmitpower by the total number of allocated subcarriers (i.e.,P_(SL)/(N*M^(RB) _(SC)), w % here M^(RB) _(SC) is the number ofsubcarriers per single resource block) to each RE.

For example, if the number of antenna ports used by the transmitting UEfor PSSCH transmission and the number of antenna ports used by thetransmitting UE for CSI-RS transmission and/or PT-RS transmission aredifferent, the transmitting UE may boost or deboost EPRE for theCSI-RS(s) and/or the PT-RS(s) from the P_(SL)/(N*M^(RB) _(SC)) value.

For example, if the number of antenna ports used by the transmitting UEfor PSSCH transmission is two and the number of antenna ports used bythe transmitting UE for CSI-RS transmission and/or PT-RS transmission isone, the transmitting UE may set/determine/allocate a EPRE value for theCSI-RS(s) and/or the PT-RS(s) by 3 dB higher than the P_(SL)/(N*M^(RB)_(SC)) value. In this case, for example, the transmitting UE may setEPRE to zero in the remaining layers except for layer(s) used for PT-RStransmission and/or CSI-RS transmission. For example, if thetransmitting UE performs PT-RS transmission and/or CSI-RS transmissionon a first RE of a first layer, the transmitting UE may set EPRE of a REof a second layer related to the first RE to zero. Alternatively, inthis case, for example, the transmitting UE may map the PT-RS(s) and/orthe CSI-RS(s) to the remaining layers except for layer(s) used for PT-RStransmission and/or CSI-RS transmission, and herein, the transmitting UEmay set EPRE for the PT-RS(s) and/or the CSI-RS(s) to zero. For example,if the transmitting UE performs PT-RS transmission and/or CSI-RStransmission on a first RE of a first layer, the transmitting UE may mapthe PT-RS(s) and/or CSI-RS(s) on a RE of a second layer related to thefirst RE, and herein the transmitting UE may set EPRE for the PT-RS(s)and/or CSI-RS(s) to zero. Alternatively, in this case, for example, thetransmitting UE may not perform PSSCH transmission in the remaininglayers except for layer(s) used for PT-RS transmission and/or CSI-RStransmission. For example, if the transmitting UE performs PT-RStransmission and/or CSI-RS transmission on a first RE of a first layer,the transmitting UE may not perform PSSCH transmission on a RE of asecond layer related to the first RE. That is, for example, if thetransmitting UE performs PT-RS transmission and/or CSI-RS transmissionon a first RE of a first layer, and if the transmitting UE performsPSSCH transmission on the first layer and a second layer, thetransmitting UE may not perform PSSCH transmission on a RE of the secondlayer corresponding to the first RE.

For example, if the number of antenna ports used by the transmitting UEfor PSSCH transmission is one and the number of antenna ports used bythe transmitting UE for CSI-RS transmission and/or PT-RS transmission istwo, the transmitting UE may set/determine/allocate a EPRE value for theCSI-RS(s) and/or the PT-RS(s) by 3 dB lower than the P_(SL)/(N*M^(RB)_(SC)) value.

Alternatively, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, EPREfor the CSI-RS(s) may be configured to be different from PSSCH EPREtransmitted in the same symbol. For example, EPRE for the CSI-RS(s) maybe (pre-)configured for the UE. In this case, the transmitting UE mayallocate power (P_(CSI-RS)) based on a EPRE value configured for theCSI-RS(s). For example, if EPRE for the CSI-RS(s) isindicated/configured as B [dB], the transmitting UE may allocate powerB+10 log₁₀(L) to the CSI-RS(s). In addition, the transmitting UE mayallocate power (P_(PSSCH)) to the PSSCH based on a specific EPRE. Inthis case, in order to utilize the PSSCH EPRE ratio, the UE may applyPSSCH EPRE for the first symbol group. In addition, in order to allocatetotal transmit power, the transmitting UE may distributeP′_(SL)−P′_(CSI-RS)−P′_(PSSCH) to specific RE(s). P′_(SL) may be alinear value of P_(SL) [dB], P′_(CSI-RS) may be a linear value ofP_(CSI-RS) [dB], and P′_(PSSCH) may be a linear value of P_(PSSCH) [dB].

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, with respect tochannel(s)/signal(s) corresponding to a plurality of APs, power may beevenly distributed to each AP. For example, 2 APs may be possible atleast in the case of PSSCH/CSI-RS. If power P is allocated to 2 APs,power P′/2 may be allocated to each AP.

If the PSCCH and the PSSCH are not FDMed, the proposed power allocationmethod for the PSSCH may also be applied to the power allocation for thePSCCH. That is, the transmitting UE may allocate a value obtained bydividing a linear value of total transmit power by the total number ofallocated subcarriers (i.e., P_(SL)/(N*M^(RB) _(SC)), where M^(RB) _(SC)is the number of subcarriers per single resource block) to each RE.

(2) In the Case of the First Symbol Group

In the case of the first symbol group, for example, in the case of a setof symbols in which the PSCCH and the PSSCH are FDMed, the transmittingUE may allocate total transmit power (P_(SL)) to the PSCCH, the PSSCH,the CSI-RS(s) and/or the PT-RS(s).

1) In the Case of Preferentially Allocating Power for the PSSCH

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting UEmay preferentially allocate power to the PSSCH based on a specific EPRE.In addition, the transmitting UE may allocate the remaining power to thePSCCH. For a specific γ value, each PSSCH EPRE may be defined as inEquation 13.

$\begin{matrix}{{{PSSCH}{EPRE}} = \frac{\gamma P_{SL}^{\prime}}{{NM}_{SC}^{RB}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}13} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Herein, P′_(SL) may be a linear value of total transmit power, N may bethe number of resource blocks in which the PSSCH is transmitted, M^(RB)_(SC) may be the number of subcarriers per single resource block, and γmay be a ratio of PSSCH EPRE in the first symbol group to PSSCH EPRE inthe second symbol group.

For example, the γ may be (pre-)configured for the UE (for each resourcepool). Alternatively, for example, γ may be a variable value by beingrelated to value(s) of PSCCH allocation and/or PSSCH allocation and/orPSCCH power boosting. For example, if the transmitting UE does notperform power boosting for the PSCCH, γ=1.

2) In the Case of Preferentially Allocating Power for the PSCCH

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting UEmay preferentially allocate power to the PSCCH based on a specific EPRE.In addition, the transmitting UE may allocate the remaining power to thePSSCH.

For example, an EPRE configuration for the PSCCH may be boosted by Z[dB] compared to PSSCH EPRE in the second symbol group. Z may bepre-defined (in the system). For example, Z may be 3 [dB].Alternatively, Z may be (pre-)configured for the UE. For example, EPREfor the PSCCH may be defined as in Equation 14.

$\begin{matrix}{{{PSCCH}{EPRE}} = \frac{Z^{\prime}P_{SL}^{\prime}}{{NM}_{SC}^{RB}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}14} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Herein, P′_(SL) may be a linear value of total transmit power, N may bethe number of resource blocks in which the PSSCH is transmitted, M^(RB)_(SC) may be the number of subcarriers per single resource block, and Z′may be a linear value of Z [dB]. In this case, γ may be defined as inEquation 15.

$\begin{matrix}{\gamma = \frac{N - {Z^{\prime}M}}{N - M}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}15} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Herein, Z′ may be a linear value of Z [dB], M may be the number ofresource blocks in which the PSCCH is transmitted, and N may be thenumber of resource blocks in which the PSSCH is transmitted.Accordingly, the receiving UE may perform QAM demodulation based on thecorresponding PSSCH EPRE ratio value. In this case, if power is limited,for example, if P_(CMAX) is allocated, PSCCH power boosting may not bepossible, and power allocation for the PSSCH in the first symbol groupmay be impossible or inefficient. That is, in a situation where Z′M/N≤1is satisfied, the transmitting UE may perform PSCCH power boosting basedon the configured Z value. Otherwise, the transmitting UE may notperform PSCCH power boosting.

Alternatively, for example, an EPRE configuration for the PSCCH may beboosted by Z [dB] compared to PSSCH EPRE in the first symbol group. Zmay be pre-defined (in the system). For example, Z may be 3 [dB].Alternatively, Z may be (pre-)configured for the UE. For example, EPREfor the PSCCH may be defined as in Equation 16.

$\begin{matrix}{{{PSCCH}{EPRE}} = \frac{Z^{\prime}\gamma P_{SL}^{\prime}}{{NM}_{SC}^{RB}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}16} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Herein, P′_(SL) may be a linear value of total transmit power, N may bethe number of resource blocks in which the PSSCH is transmitted, M^(RB)_(SC) may be the number of subcarriers per single resource block, and Z′may be a linear value of Z [dB]. In this case, γ may be defined as inEquation 17.

$\begin{matrix}{\gamma = \frac{N}{{Z^{\prime}M} + N - M}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}17} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Herein, Z′ may be a linear value of Z [dB], M may be the number ofresource blocks in which the PSCCH is transmitted, and N may be thenumber of resource blocks in which the PSSCH is transmitted.Accordingly, the receiving UE may perform QAM demodulation based on thecorresponding PSSCH EPRE ratio value.

Alternatively, for example, the transmitting UE may calculate an averagevalue based on the number of symbols included in the first symbol group,the number of symbols included in the second symbol group, and PSSCHEPRE for each symbol group, and the transmitting UE may determine PSCCHEPRE based on the average value.

Alternatively, for example, the transmitting UE may calculate/configurepower for the PSCCH and preferentially allocate the power for the PSCCHbased on the corresponding value. For example, the power for the PSCCHmay be obtained based on Equation 18.

$\begin{matrix}{P_{PSCCH} = {\min\left( {{\frac{X^{\prime}M}{{X^{\prime}M} + {Y^{\prime}\left( {N - M} \right)}}P_{CMAX}},{{10{\log_{10}\left( {X^{\prime}M} \right)}} + P_{O\_{PSCCH}} + {\alpha_{PSCCH} \cdot {PL}}}} \right)}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}18} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

For example, the power for the PSCCH may be obtained based on Equation19.

$\begin{matrix}{P_{PSCCH} = {\min\left( {{{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{X^{\prime}M}{{X^{\prime}M} + {Y^{\prime}\left( {N - M} \right)}} \right)}} + P_{CMAX}},{{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{X^{\prime}M}{{X^{\prime}M} + {Y^{\prime}\left( {N - M} \right)}} \right)}} + P_{{MAX}\_{CBR}}},{{10{\log_{10}\left( {2^{u}X^{\prime}M} \right)}} + P_{O\_{PSCCH}} + {\alpha_{PSCCH} \cdot {PL}}}} \right)}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}19} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

For example, the wer for the PSCCH may be obtained based on Equation 20.

$\begin{matrix}{P_{PSCCH} = {\min\left( {{{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{M}{N} \right)}} + P_{CMAX}},{{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{M}{N} \right)}} + P_{{MAX}\_{CBR}}},{{10{\log_{10}\left( {2^{u}X^{\prime}M} \right)}} + P_{O\_{PSCCH}} + {\alpha_{PSCCH} \cdot {PL}}}} \right)}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}20} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

For example, the power for the PSCCH may be obtained based on Equation21.

$\begin{matrix}{P_{PSCCH} = {{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{X^{\prime}M}{{X^{\prime}M} + {Y^{\prime}\left( {N - M} \right)}} \right)}} + {\min\left( {P_{CMAX},P_{{MAX}\_{CBR}},{{10{\log_{10}\left( {{2^{u}X^{\prime}M} + {2^{u}{Y^{\prime}\left( {N - M} \right)}}} \right)}} + P_{O\_{PSCCH}} + {\alpha_{PSCCH} \cdot {PL}}}} \right)}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}21} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

For example, the power for the PSCCH may be obtained based on Equation22.

$\begin{matrix}{P_{PSCCH} = {{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{M}{N} \right)}} + {\min\left( {P_{CMAX},P_{{MAX}\_{CBR}},{{10{\log_{10}\left( {2^{u}N} \right)}} + P_{O\_{PSCCH}} + {\alpha_{PSCCH} \cdot {PL}}}} \right)}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}22} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

For example, the power for the PSCCH may be obtained based on Equation23.

$\begin{matrix}{P_{PSCCH} = {{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{M}{N} \right)}} + P_{PSSCH}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}23} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Herein, P_(CMAX) may be a maximum UE transmit power value. If transmitpower boosting for the PSCCH in the first symbol group is X [dB], X′ maybe a linear value of X. If transmit power de-boosting for the PSSCH inthe first symbol group is Y [dB], Y′ may be a linear value of Y. M maybe the number of resource blocks in which the PSCCH is transmitted, andN may be the number of resource blocks in which the PSSCH istransmitted. P_(O_PSCCH) and/or α_(PSCCH) may be values pre-defined inthe system or (pre-)configured for the UE, and PL may be at least one ofthe downlink pathloss and the sidelink pathloss. For example, themaximum UE transmit power value may be a value to which maximum powerreduction (MPR) according to the implementation of the UE is applied tothe configured maximum UE output power. In this case, γ may be definedas in Equation 24.

$\begin{matrix}{\gamma = \frac{N\left( {P_{SL}^{\prime} - P_{PSCCH}^{\prime}} \right)}{\left( {N - M} \right)P_{SL}^{\prime}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}24} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Accordingly, the receiving UE may perform QAM demodulation based on thecorresponding PSSCH EPRE ratio value.

For example, referring to Equation 23, the UE may determine a powervalue (i.e., P_(PSSCH)) for PSSCH transmission in the second symbolperiod. In addition, the UE may determine a power value (i.e.,P_(PSCCH)) for PSCCH transmission in the first symbol period by adding avalue 10 log (M/N) to the power value for PSSCH transmission.

Meanwhile, the UE may set/determine/obtain a transmit power value forPSFCH transmission. For example, the UE may perform sequence-based SFCItransmission in 1 PRB in consideration of the PSFCH transmission scheme.In this case, for example, the UE may set/determine/obtain a transmitpower value for PSFCH transmission based on Equation 25.

P _(PSFCN,b,f,c)=min{P _(CMAX,f,c)(i),P _(MAC_CBR,b,f,c),10log₁₀(2^(u))+P _(O,PSFCH,b,f,c)(0)+α_(b,f,c)(3)PL_(b,f,c)(0)+Δ_(F_PSFCH)(F)+Δ_(TF,b,f,c)}  [Equation 25]

Herein, P_(O,PSFCH,b,f,c) (0) and α_(b,f,c) may be values configured forthe UE independently of the PSCCH/PSSCH. For example, P_(O,PSFCH,b,f,c)(0) and α_(b,f,c) may be configured for each resource pool. For example,Δ_(F_PSFCH(F)) may be configured for each resource pool.Additionally/alternatively, for example, Δ_(F_PSFCH) (F) may beconfigured for each resource set. Additionally/alternatively, forexample, Δ_(F_PSFCH) (F) may be configured for each PSFCH format. Forexample,Δ_(TF,b,f,c may be obtained based on the length of symbols used by the UE for PSFCH transmission and/or the size of the SFCI. For example, Δ)_(TF,b,f,c) may be obtained based on Equation 26. For example, as thelength of symbols used by the UE for PSFCH transmission increases, theUE may de-boost/reduce transmit power for PSFCH transmission. Forexample, as the size of the SFCI transmitted by the UE increases, the UEmay boost/increase transmit power for PSFCH transmission. For example,Δ_(SFCI)=0. For example, N^(PSFCH) _(ref) may be fixed to a specificvalue. For example, N^(PSFCH) _(ref) may be set to a value 1 or 2 exceptfor an AGC symbol. For example, N^(PSFCH) _(ref) may be set to a value 2or 3 including an AGC symbol. For example, N^(PSFCH) _(ref) may beconfigured for each resource pool and/or PSFCH format. For example,N^(PSFCH) _(symb) may be the number of symbols used by the UE for PSFCHtransmission. For example, N^(PSFCH) _(symb) may be the number ofsymbols for PSFCH transmission excluding a symbol for which AGC isperformed (i.e., an AGC symbol).

$\begin{matrix}{\Delta_{{TF},b,f,c} = {{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{N_{ref}^{PSFCH}}{N_{symb}^{PSFCH}(i)} \right)}} + \Delta_{SFCI}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}26} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, with respect tochannel(s)/signal(s) corresponding to a plurality of APs, power may beevenly distributed to each AP. For example, 2 APs may be possible atleast in the case of PSSCH/CSI-RS. If power P is allocated to 2 APs,power P′/2 may be allocated to each AP.

Referring back to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 , in step S1520, the transmittingUE may transmit the PSCCH, the PSSCH, the PT-RS(s) and/or the CSI-RS(s)to the receiving UE. For example, the transmitting UE may transmit thePSCCH, the PSSCH, the PT-RS(s) and/or the CSI-RS(s) based on transmitpower allocated to each channel.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transmitting UEcan efficiently control SL transmit power. Therefore, for example, thereceiving UE can efficiently perform QAM demodulation.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, if a UE receiving aPSCCH and/or a PSSCH (hereinafter, PSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE) transmits NPSFCHs in the same time resource (e.g., a slot, a symbol, etc.) to aPSCCH/PSSCH transmitting UE, the PSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE maydetermine/derive/calculate transmit power for each PSFCH. In this case,for example, the N value may be the number of PSFCHs actuallytransmitted or the (configured) maximum number of transmitted PSFCHs.For example, the N value may be a natural number. For example, thePSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE may determine/derive/calculate transmit powerfor each PSFCH, based on a value obtained by dividing a linear value ofthe maximum UE transmit power and a configured maximum power per CBR bythe N value, respectively. In this case, for example, required power forPSFCH may be determined/derived/calculated based on N=1. Alternatively,for example, after the PSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE calculates total powerof N PSFCH transmissions, the PSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE maydetermine/derive/calculate transmit power for each PSFCH based on avalue obtained by dividing total transmit power value for the N PSFCHtransmissions by the N value. Alternatively, for example, after thePSCCHVPSSCH receiving UE calculates transmit power for each of N PSFCHs,the PSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE may determine/derive/calculate transmitpower for each PSFCH based on the adjusted sum of transmit powers forthe N PSFCHs so that the total transmit power does not exceed themaximum UE transmit power and/or the maximum power value configured foreach CBR.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, if the PSCCH/PSSCHreceiving UE transmits N PSFCHs to the PSCCH/PSSCH transmitting UE in anactive sidelink BWP b configured on a carrier f of a serving cell c, thePSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE may determine/derive/calculate transmit powerP_(PSFCH,b,f,c) (i) value for each PSFCH at the PSSCH transmissionoccasion i. In this case, for example, the N value may be the number ofPSFCHs actually transmitted or the (configured) maximum number oftransmitted PSFCHs. For example, the P_(PSFCH,b,f,c) (i) value may beexpressed in units of dBm.

For example, the P_(PSFCH,b,f,c) (i) value may bedetermined/derived/calculated based on Equation 27.

P _(PSFCH,b,f,c)(i)=min{P _(CMAX,f,c)(i)−10 log₁₀(N),P_(MAC_CBR,b,f,c)−10 log₁₀(N),10 log₁₀(2^(u))+P_(O,PSFCH,b,f,c)(0)+α_(b,f,c)(3)PL_(b,f,c)(0)+Δ_(F_PSFCH)(F)+Δ_(TF,b,f,c)}  [Equation 27]

For example, the P_(PSFCH,b,f,c) (i) value may bedetermined/derived/calculated based on Equation 28.

P _(PSFCH,b,f,c)(i)=min{P _(CMAX,f,c)(i)−10 log₁₀(N),P_(MAC_CBR,b,f,c),10 log₁₀(2^(u))+P _(O,PSFCH,b,f,c)(0)+α_(b,f,c)(3)PL_(b,f,c)(0)+Δ_(F_PSFCH)(F)+Δ_(TF,b,f,c)}  [Equation 28]

For example, the P_(PSFCH,b,f,c) (i) value may bedetermined/derived/calculated based on Equation 29.

P _(PSFCH,b,f,c)(i)=min{P _(CMAX,f,c)(i),P _(MAC_CBR,b,f,c),10log₁₀(2^(u) N)+P _(O,PSFCH,b,f,c)(0)+α_(b,f,c)(3)PL_(b,f,c)(0)+Δ_(F_PSFCH)(F)+Δ_(TF,b,f,c)}−10 log₁₀(N)  [Equation 29]

For example, the P_(PSFCH,b,f,c) (i) value may bedetermined/derived/calculated based on Equations 30 to 33.

{tilde over (P)} _(PSFCH,b,f,c)(i)=min{P _(CMAX,f,c)(i),P_(MAC_CBR,b,f,c),10 log₁₀(2^(u))+P _(O,PSFCH,b,f,c)(0)+α_(b,f,c)(3)PL_(b,f,c)(0)+Δ_(F_PSFCH)(F)+Δ_(TF,b,f,c)}  [Equation 30]

Herein, if δ is determined to satisfy Equation 31 or Equation 32, theP_(PSFCH,b,f,c) (i) value may be determined/derived/calculated based onEquation 33.

Σ_(δ{tilde over (P)}) _(PSFCH,b,f,c)(i)≤min{P _(CMAX,f,c)(i),P_(MAC_CBR,b,f,c)}  [Equation 31]

Σδ{tilde over (P)} _(PSFCH,b,f,c)(i)≤P _(CMAX,f,c)(i)  [Equation 32]

P _(PSFCH,b,f,c)(i)=δ{tilde over (P)} _(PSFCH,b,f,c)(i)  [Equation 33]

For example, in Equations 27 to 33, P_(CMAX,f,c)(i) may be defined asthe maximum output power configured for the UE (e.g., UE configuredmaximum output power) at the PSSCH transmission occasion i.

For example, in Equations 27 to 33, P_(MAC_CBR,b,f,c) may be defined asthe maximum transmit power value (maxTxpower value) for an activesidelink BWP b configured on a carrier f of a serving cell c, which isconfigured based on a priority level of a PSSCH and a CBR range.

For example, in Equations 27 to 33, PL_(b,f,c) (0) may be defined as anestimated downlink pathloss value for an active downlink BWP configuredon a carrier f of a serving cell c. In this case, the PL_(b,f,c)(0) maybe expressed in units of dB.

For example, the PSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE may receive/obtain/determineP_(O,PSFCH,b,f,c) (0) and α_(b,f,c) (3) values of Equations 27 to 33from a base station or a network through upper layer (e.g., RRC layer)parameter(s) for an active sidelink BWP b configured on a carrier f of aserving cell c.

For example, the PSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE may receive/obtain/determinethe Δ_(F_PSFCH) (F) value of Equations 27 to 33 from a base station or anetwork based on deltaF-PSFCH-f0 for sequence-based PSFCH format.Alternatively, for example, if the PSCCH/PSSCH receiving UE does notreceive deltaF-PSFCH-f0 for sequence-based PSFCH format, Δ_(F_PSFCH) (F)value may be determined to be 0.

For example, the Δ_(TF,b,f,c) values may be determined based on Equation34.

$\begin{matrix}{\Delta_{{TF},b,f,c} = {{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{N_{ref}^{PSFCH}}{N_{symb}^{PSFCH}(i)} \right)}} + \Delta_{SFCI}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}34} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Herein, for example, N^(PSFCH) _(symb) (i) may be the number of symbolsused by the UE for PSFCH transmission. For example, N^(PSFCH) _(symb)(i) may be defined as the number of PSFCH transmission symbols excludinga symbol for which automatic gain control (AGC) is performed (i.e., anAGC symbol), N^(PSFCH) _(ref) may be 1, and Δ_(SFCI) may be 0.

Based on various embodiments of the present disclosure, the UE mayefficiently determine power for PSCCH transmission, power for PSSCHtransmission, and/or power for PSFCH transmission. For example, afterthe UE determines power for PSSCH transmission in the second symbolperiod, the UE may determine power for PSCCH transmission and power forPSSCH transmission in the first symbol period based on the power for thePSSCH transmission.

FIG. 16 shows a method for a transmitting UE to perform power control,based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG.16 may be combined with vanous embodiments of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 16 , in step S1610, the transmitting UE may determinetransmit power related to sidelink-related physical channel(s) and/orsidelink-related reference signal(s). In step S1620, the transmitting UEmay transmit sidelink-related physical channel(s) and/orsidelink-related reference signal(s) to a receiving UE. For example, thesidelink-related physical channel(s) may include at least one of aPSCCH, a PSSCH, and/or a PSFCH. For example, the sidelink-relatedreference signal(s) may include at least one of PT-RS(s) and CSI-RS(s).

FIG. 17 shows a method for a first device to perform wirelesscommunication, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theembodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 17 , in step S1710, the first device may determine afirst power for physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission ina second symbol period.

For example, the first power may be determined based on a pathloss and anumber of resource blocks (RBs) for the PSSCH transmission in the secondsymbol period. For example, the pathloss may include at least one of apathloss between the first device and the second device or a pathlossbetween the first device and a base station.

For example, the first power may be determined based on a subcarrierspacing, a pathloss, and a number of resource blocks (RBs) for the PSSCHtransmission in the second symbol period. For example, the pathloss mayinclude at least one of a pathloss between the first device and thesecond device or a pathloss between the first device and a base station.

For example, the first power may be determined as a smallest value amonga maximum transmit power configured for the first device, a channel busyratio (CBR)-based maximum transmit power, and a third power.

For example, the third power may be determined based on a followingequation.

third power=10 log₁₀(2^(u) N)+P _(O) +α·PL

Herein, u may be subcarrier spacing, N may be a number of resourceblocks (RBs) for the PSSCH transmission in the second symbol period,P_(O) may be a value configured for the first device, and α may be avalue configured for the first device, and PL may be a pathloss betweenthe first device and the second device or a pathloss between the firstdevice and a base station.

In step S1720, the first device may determine a second power forphysical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) transmission in a first symbolperiod based on the first power.

For example, the second power may be determined based on the firstpower, a number of resource blocks (RBs) for the PSCCH transmission inthe first symbol period, and a number of RBs in the first symbol period.For example, the number of RBs in the first symbol period may be a sumof the number of RBs for the PSCCH transmission in the first symbolperiod and a number of RBs for the PSSCH transmission in the firstsymbol period. For example, the number of RBs in the first symbol periodmay be the number of RBs allocated for SL communication in the firstsymbol period.

For example, the second power may be determined based on a followingequation.

${{second}{power}} = {{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{M}{N} \right)}} + {{first}{power}}}$

Herein, the first power may be power for the PSSCH transmission in thesecond symbol period, M may be a number of resource blocks (RBs) for thePSCCH transmission in the first symbol period, and N may be a number ofRBs in the first symbol period.

In step S1730, the first device may perform, to a second device, thePSCCH transmission in the first symbol period based on the second power.

In step S1740, the first device may perform, to the second device, thePSSCH transmission in the second symbol period based on the first power.Herein, the second symbol period may include resources for the PSSCHtransmission, and the first symbol period may include resources for thePSCCH transmission and the PSSCH transmission. Herein, the second symbolperiod may not include a resource for the PSCCH transmission.

Additionally, for example, the first device may transmit, to the seconddevice, a reference signal. For example, transmit power of the referencesignal may be determined based on a number of antenna ports used fortransmission of the reference signal. For example, the reference signalmay include at least one of channel state information (CSI)-referencesignal (RS) or phase tracking (PT)-reference signal (RS). For example,transmit power of the reference signal transmitted through one antennaport may be 3 dB greater than transmit power of the reference signaltransmitted through two antenna ports.

The proposed method can be applied to device(s) described below. First,the processor 102 of the first device 100 may determine a first powerfor physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission in a secondsymbol period. In addition, the processor 102 of the first device 100may determine a second power for physical sidelink control channel(PSCCH) transmission in a first symbol period based on the first power.In addition, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may control thetransceiver 106 to perform, to a second device, the PSCCH transmissionin the first symbol period based on the second power. In addition, theprocessor 102 of the first device 100 may control the transceiver 106 toperform, to the second device, the PSSCH transmission in the secondsymbol period based on the first power.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first deviceconfigured to perform wireless communication may be provided. Forexample, the first device may comprise: one or more memories storinginstructions; one or more transceivers; and one or more processorsconnected to the one or more memories and the one or more transceivers.For example, the one or more processors may execute the instructions to:determine a first power for physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH)transmission in a second symbol period; determine a second power forphysical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) transmission in a first symbolperiod based on the first power; perform, to a second device, the PSCCHtransmission in the first symbol period based on the second power; andperform, to the second device, the PSSCH transmission in the secondsymbol period based on the first power. Herein, the second symbol periodmay include resources for the PSSCH transmission, and the first symbolperiod may include resources for the PSCCH transmission and the PSSCHtransmission. Herein, the second symbol period may not include aresource for the PSCCH transmission.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, an apparatusconfigured to control a first user equipment (UE) may be provided. Forexample, the apparatus may comprise: one or more processors; and one ormore memories operably connected to the one or more processors andstoring instructions. For example, the one or more processors mayexecute the instructions to: determine a first power for physicalsidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission in a second symbol period;determine a second power for physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH)transmission in a first symbol period based on the first power; perform,to a second UE, the PSCCH transmission in the first symbol period basedon the second power; and perform, to the second UE, the PSSCHtransmission in the second symbol period based on the first power.Herein, the second symbol period may include resources for the PSSCHtransmission, and the first symbol period may include resources for thePSCCH transmission and the PSSCH transmission.

Based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided.For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first deviceto: determine a first power for physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH)transmission in a second symbol period; determine a second power forphysical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) transmission in a first symbolperiod based on the first power; perform, to a second device, the PSCCHtransmission in the first symbol period based on the second power; andperform, to the second device, the PSSCH transmission in the secondsymbol period based on the first power. Herein, the second symbol periodmay include resources for the PSSCH transmission, and the first symbolperiod may include resources for the PSCCH transmission and the PSSCHtransmission.

Hereinafter, device(s) to which various embodiments of the presentdisclosure can be applied will be described.

The various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods,and/or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure described inthis document may be applied to, without being limited to, a variety offields requiring wireless communication/connection (e.g., 5G) betweendevices.

Hereinafter, a description will be given in more detail with referenceto the drawings. In the following drawings/description, the samereference symbols may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks,software blocks, or functional blocks unless described otherwise.

FIG. 18 shows a communication system 1, based on an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 18 , a communication system 1 to which variousembodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes wirelessdevices, Base Stations (BSs), and a network. Herein, the wirelessdevices represent devices performing communication using Radio AccessTechnology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR)) or Long-Term Evolution (LTE))and may be referred to as communication/radio/5G devices. The wirelessdevices may include, without being limited to, a robot 100 a, vehicles100 b-1 and 100 b-2, an eXtended Reality (XR) device 100 c, a hand-helddevice 100 d, a home appliance 100 e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device100 f, and an Artificial Intelligence (AI) device/server 400. Forexample, the vehicles may include a vehicle having a wirelesscommunication function, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable ofperforming communication between vehicles. Herein, the vehicles mayinclude an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR devicemay include an Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality(MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device(HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) mounted in a vehicle, a television, asmartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, adigital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The hand-held device mayinclude a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatchor a smartglasses), and a computer (e.g., a notebook). The homeappliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, and a washing machine. TheIoT device may include a sensor and a smartmeter. For example, the BSsand the network may be implemented as wireless devices and a specificwireless device 200 a may operate as a BS/network node with respect toother wireless devices.

The wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connected to the network 300via the BSs 200. An AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices100 a to 100 f and the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f may be connectedto the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may beconfigured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g.,NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f maycommunicate with each other through the BSs 200/network 300, thewireless devices 100 a to 100 f may perform direct communication (e.g.,sidelink communication) with each other without passing through theBSs/network. For example, the vehicles 100 b-1 and 100 b-2 may performdirect communication (e.g. Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)/Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). The IoT device (e.g.,a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g.,sensors) or other wireless devices 100 a to 100 f.

Wireless communication/connections 150 a, 150 b, or 150 c may beestablished between the wireless devices 100 a to 100 f/BS 200, or BS200/BS 200. Herein, the wireless communication/connections may beestablished through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlinkcommunication 150 a, sidelink communication 150 b (or, D2Dcommunication), or inter BS communication (e.g., relay, IntegratedAccess Backhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and the BSs/the wirelessdevices may transmit/receive radio signals to/from each other throughthe wireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b. For example, thewireless communication/connections 150 a and 150 b may transmit/receivesignals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a partof various configuration information configuring processes, varioussignal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding,modulation/demodulation, and resource mapping/demapping), and resourceallocating processes, for transmitting/receiving radio signals, may beperformed based on the various proposals of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 shows wireless devices, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 19 , a first wireless device 100 and a second wirelessdevice 200 may transmit radio signals through a variety of RATs (e.g.,LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device 100 and the secondwireless device 200} may correspond to {the wireless device 100 x andthe BS 200) and/or (the wireless device 100 x and the wireless device100 x} of FIG. 18 .

The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 andone or more memories 104 and additionally further include one or moretransceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102may control the memory(s) 104 and/or the transceiver(s) 106 and may beconfigured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument. For example, the processor(s) 102 may process informationwithin the memory(s) 104 to generate first information/signals and thentransmit radio signals including the first information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 may receive radio signalsincluding second information/signals through the transceiver 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the secondinformation/signals in the memory(s) 104. The memory(s) 104 may beconnected to the processor(s) 102 and may store a variety of informationrelated to operations of the processor(s) 102. For example, thememory(s) 104 may store software code including commands for performinga part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 102or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.Herein, the processor(s) 102 and the memory(s) 104 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver(s) 106 may be connected to the processor(s) 102 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108.Each of the transceiver(s) 106 may include a transmitter and/or areceiver. The transceiver(s) 106 may be interchangeably used with RadioFrequency (RF) unit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless devicemay represent a communication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202and one or more memories 204 and additionally further include one ormore transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s)202 may control the memory(s) 204 and/or the transceiver(s) 206 and maybe configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument. For example, the processor(s) 202 may process informationwithin the memory(s) 204 to generate third information/signals and thentransmit radio signals including the third information/signals throughthe transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202 may receive radio signalsincluding fourth information/signals through the transceiver(s) 106 andthen store information obtained by processing the fourthinformation/signals in the memory(s) 204. The memory(s) 204 may beconnected to the processor(s) 202 and may store a variety of informationrelated to operations of the processor(s) 202. For example, thememory(s) 204 may store software code including commands for performinga part or the entirety of processes controlled by the processor(s) 202or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.Herein, the processor(s) 202 and the memory(s) 204 may be a part of acommunication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE orNR). The transceiver(s) 206 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 andtransmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208.Each of the transceiver(s) 206 may include a transmitter and/or areceiver. The transceiver(s) 206 may be interchangeably used with RFunit(s). In the present disclosure, the wireless device may represent acommunication modem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 willbe described more specifically. One or more protocol layers may beimplemented by, without being limited to, one or more processors 102 and202. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 may implementone or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP,RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors 102 and 202 may generate oneor more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Unit(SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, controlinformation, data, or information according to the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document. The one or more processors 102 and 202 maygenerate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs,messages, control information, data, or information according to thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document and provide thegenerated signals to the one or more transceivers 106 and 206. The oneor more processors 102 and 202 may receive the signals (e.g., basebandsignals) from the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and acquire thePDUs. SDUs, messages, control information, data, or informationaccording to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.

The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to ascontrollers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. Theone or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware,firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or moreApplication Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more DigitalSignal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices(DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or moreField Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one ormore processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in thisdocument may be implemented using firmware or software and the firmwareor software may be configured to include the modules, procedures, orfunctions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204 so as tobe driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowchartsdisclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or softwarein the form of code, commands, and/or a set of commands.

The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals,messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and/or commands.The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by Read-OnlyMemories (ROMs), Random Access Memories (RAMs), Electrically ErasableProgrammable Read-Only Memories (EPROMs), flash memories, hard drives,registers, cash memories, computer-readable storage media, and/orcombinations thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may belocated at the interior and/or exterior of the one or more processors102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected tothe one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies suchas wired or wireless connection.

The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in the methodsand/or operational flowcharts of this document, to one or more otherdevices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data,control information, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document, from one or moreother devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 maybe connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and transmit andreceive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors 102 and202 may perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one ormore other devices. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may performcontrol so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receiveuser data, control information, or radio signals from one or more otherdevices. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected tothe one or more antennas 108 and 208 and the one or more transceivers106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, controlinformation, and/or radio signals/channels, mentioned in thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperational flowcharts disclosed in this document, through the one ormore antennas 108 and 208. In this document, the one or more antennasmay be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logicalantennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106 and 206may convert received radio signals/channels etc. from RF band signalsinto baseband signals in order to process received user data, controlinformation, radio signals/channels, etc. using the one or moreprocessors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 mayconvert the user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc.processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202 from the baseband signals into the RF band signals. To this end, the one or moretransceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/orfilters.

FIG. 20 shows a signal process circuit for a transmission signal, basedon an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 20 , a signal processing circuit 1000 may includescramblers 1010, modulators 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040,resource mappers 1050, and signal generators 1060. An operation/functionof FIG. 20 may be performed, without being limited to, the processors102 and 202 and/or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 19 . Hardwareelements of FIG. 20 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202and/or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 19 . For example, blocks1010 to 1060 may be implemented by the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 19. Alternatively, the blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented by theprocessors 102 and 202 of FIG. 19 and the block 1060 may be implementedby the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 19 .

Codewords may be converted into radio signals via the signal processingcircuit 1000 of FIG. 20 . Herein, the codewords are encoded bitsequences of information blocks. The information blocks may includetransport blocks (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transportblock). The radio signals may be transmitted through various physicalchannels (e.g., a PUSCH and a PDSCH).

Specifically, the codewords may be converted into scrambled bitsequences by the scramblers 1010. Scramble sequences used for scramblingmay be generated based on an initialization value, and theinitialization value may include ID information of a wireless device.The scrambled bit sequences may be modulated to modulation symbolsequences by the modulators 1020. A modulation scheme may includepi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (pi/2-BPSK), m-Phase Shift Keying(m-PSK), and m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (m-QAM). Complexmodulation symbol sequences may be mapped to one or more transportlayers by the layer mapper 1030. Modulation symbols of each transportlayer may be mapped (precoded) to corresponding antenna port(s) by theprecoder 1040. Outputs z of the precoder 1040 may be obtained bymultiplying outputs y of the layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precodingmatrix W Herein, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number oftransport layers. The precoder 1040 may perform precoding afterperforming transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for complex modulationsymbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding withoutperforming transform precoding.

The resource mappers 1050 may map modulation symbols of each antennaport to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources mayinclude a plurality of symbols (e.g., a CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMAsymbols) in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in thefrequency domain. The signal generators 1060 may generate radio signalsfrom the mapped modulation symbols and the generated radio signals maybe transmitted to other devices through each antenna. For this purpose,the signal generators 1060 may include Inverse Fast Fourier Transform(IFFT) modules, Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserters. Digital-to-AnalogConverters (DACs), and frequency up-converters.

Signal processing procedures for a signal received in the wirelessdevice may be configured in a reverse manner of the signal processingprocedures 1010 to 1060 of FIG. 20 . For example, the wireless devices(e.g., 100 and 200 of FIG. 19 ) may receive radio signals from theexterior through the antenna ports/transceivers. The received radiosignals may be converted into baseband signals through signal restorers.To this end, the signal restorers may include frequency downlinkconverters, Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs), CP remover, and FastFourier Transform (FFT) modules. Next, the baseband signals may berestored to codewords through a resource demapping procedure, apostcoding procedure, a demodulation processor, and a descramblingprocedure. The codewords may be restored to original information blocksthrough decoding. Therefore, a signal processing circuit (notillustrated) for a reception signal may include signal restorers,resource demappers, a postcoder demodulators, descramblers, anddecoders.

FIG. 21 shows another example of a wireless device, based on anembodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may beimplemented in various forms according to a use-case/service (refer toFIG. 18 ).

Referring to FIG. 21 , wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond tothe wireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 19 and may be configured byvarious elements, components, units/portions, and/or modules. Forexample, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include acommunication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, andadditional components 140. The communication unit may include acommunication circuit 112 and transceiver(s) 114. For example, thecommunication circuit 112 may include the one or more processors 102 and202 and/or the one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 19 . Forexample, the transceiver(s) 114 may include the one or more transceivers106 and 206 and/or the one or more antennas 108 and 208 of FIG. 19 . Thecontrol unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit110, the memory 130, and the additional components 140 and controlsoverall operation of the wireless devices. For example, the control unit120 may control an electric/mechanical operation of the wireless devicebased on programs/code/commands/information stored in the memory unit130. The control unit 120 may transmit the information stored in thememory unit 130 to the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) viathe communication unit 110 through a wireless/wired interface or store,in the memory unit 130, information received through the wireless/wiredinterface from the exterior (e.g., other communication devices) via thecommunication unit 110.

The additional components 140 may be variously configured according totypes of wireless devices. For example, the additional components 140may include at least one of a power unit/battery, input/output (I/O)unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may beimplemented in the form of, without being limited to, the robot (100 aof FIG. 18 ), the vehicles (100 b-1 and 100 b-2 of FIG. 18 ), the XRdevice (100 c of FIG. 18 ), the hand-held device (100 d of FIG. 18 ),the home appliance (100 e of FIG. 18 ), the IoT device (100 f of FIG. 18), a digital broadcast terminal, a hologram device, a public safetydevice, an MTC device, a medicine device, a fintech device (or a financedevice), a security device, a climate/environment device, the AIserver/device (400 of FIG. 18 ), the BSs (200 of FIG. 18 ), a networknode, etc. The wireless device may be used in a mobile or fixed placeaccording to a use-example/service.

In FIG. 21 , the entirety of the various elements, components,units/portions, and/or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 maybe connected to each other through a wired interface or at least a partthereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the controlunit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected by wire and thecontrol unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelesslyconnected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component,unit/portion, and/or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 mayfurther include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120may be configured by a set of one or more processors. As an example, thecontrol unit 120 may be configured by a set of a communication controlprocessor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), agraphical processing unit, and a memory control processor. As anotherexample, the memory 130 may be configured by a Random Access Memory(RAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM)), a flash memory,a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/or a combination thereof.

Hereinafter, an example of implementing FIG. 21 will be described indetail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 22 shows a hand-held device, based on an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The hand-held device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, awearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or a smartglasses), or a portablecomputer (e.g., a notebook). The hand-held device may be referred to asa mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station(MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or aWireless Terminal (WT).

Referring to FIG. 22 , a hand-held device 100 may include an antennaunit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit130, a power supply unit 140 a, an interface unit 140 b, and an I/O unit140 c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of thecommunication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130/140 a to 140 c correspond tothe blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 21 , respectively.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., dataand control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Thecontrol unit 120 may perform various operations by controllingconstituent elements of the hand-held device 100. The control unit 120may include an Application Processor (AP). The memory unit 130 may storedata/parameters/programs/code/commands needed to drive the hand-helddevice 100. The memory unit 130 may store input/output data/information.The power supply unit 140 a may supply power to the hand-held device 100and include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. Theinterface unit 140 b may support connection of the hand-held device 100to other external devices. The interface unit 140 b may include variousports (e.g., an audio I/O port and a video I/O port) for connection withexternal devices. The I/O unit 140 c may input or output videoinformation/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or informationinput by a user. The I/O unit 140 c may include a camera, a microphone,a user input unit, a display unit 140 d, a speaker, and/or a hapticmodule.

As an example, in the case of data communication, the I/O unit 140 c mayacquire information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, images, or video)input by a user and the acquired information/signals may be stored inthe memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 may convert theinformation/signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmitthe converted radio signals to other wireless devices directly or to aBS. The communication unit 110 may receive radio signals from otherwireless devices or the BS and then restore the received radio signalsinto original information/signals. The restored information/signals maybe stored in the memory unit 130 and may be output as various types(e.g., text, voice, images, video, or haptic) through the I/O unit 140c.

FIG. 23 shows a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle, based on an embodimentof the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may beimplemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned/unmanned AerialVehicle (AV), a ship, etc.

Referring to FIG. 23 , a vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may includean antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, adriving unit 140 a, a power supply unit 140 b, a sensor unit 140 c, andan autonomous driving unit 140 d. The antenna unit 108 may be configuredas a part of the communication unit 110. The blocks 110/130/140 a to 140d correspond to the blocks 110/130/140 of FIG. 21 , respectively.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (e.g., dataand control signals) to and from external devices such as othervehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and road side units), and servers. The controlunit 120 may perform various operations by controlling elements of thevehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100. The control unit 120 may includean Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The driving unit 140 a may cause thevehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 to drive on a road. The drivingunit 140 a may include an engine, a motor, a powertrain, a wheel, abrake, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit 140 b may supplypower to the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 and include awired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140 cmay acquire a vehicle state, ambient environment information, userinformation, etc. The sensor unit 140 c may include an InertialMeasurement Unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, aspeed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, aposition module, a vehicle forward/backward sensor, a battery sensor, afuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, ahumidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, a pedalposition sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140 d may implementtechnology for maintaining a lane on which a vehicle is driving,technology for automatically adjusting speed, such as adaptive cruisecontrol, technology for autonomously driving along a determined path,technology for driving by automatically setting a path if a destinationis set, and the like.

For example, the communication unit 110 may receive map data, trafficinformation data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous drivingunit 140 d may generate an autonomous driving path and a driving planfrom the obtained data. The control unit 120 may control the drivingunit 140 a such that the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 may movealong the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g.,speed/direction control). In the middle of autonomous driving, thecommunication unit 110 may aperiodically/periodically acquire recenttraffic information data from the external server and acquiresurrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. In themiddle of autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140 c may obtain a vehiclestate and/or surrounding environment information. The autonomous drivingunit 140 d may update the autonomous driving path and the driving planbased on the newly obtained data/information. The communication unit 110may transfer information about a vehicle position, the autonomousdriving path, and/or the driving plan to the external server. Theexternal server may predict traffic information data using AItechnology, etc., based on the information collected from vehicles orautonomous vehicles and provide the predicted traffic information datato the vehicles or the autonomous vehicles.

Claims in the present description can be combined in a various way. Forinstance, technical features in method claims of the present descriptioncan be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus, andtechnical features in apparatus claims can be combined to be implementedor performed in a method. Further, technical features in method claim(s)and apparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed inan apparatus. Further, technical features in method claim(s) andapparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or performed in amethod.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for performing wireless communication bya first device, the method comprising: determining a first power forphysical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission in symbols inwhich a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) related to the PSSCHtransmission is not transmitted in PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion;after the determination of the first power, determining a second powerfor PSCCH transmission in symbols in which the PSCCH related to thePSSCH transmission is transmitted in the PSCCH-PSSCH transmissionoccasion as:${{second}{power}} = {{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{M}{N} \right)}} + {{first}{power}}}$wherein the M is a number of resource blocks for the PSCCH transmissionin the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion, and the N is a number ofresource blocks for the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion; performing,to a second device, the PSCCH transmission based on the second power;and performing, to the second device, the PSSCH transmission based onthe first power.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the symbols in whichthe PSCCH related to the PSSCH transmission is not transmitted and thesymbols in which the PSCCH related to the PSSCH transmission istransmitted are in the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion.
 3. The methodof claim 1, wherein the first power is determined based on a pathlossand the number of resource blocks for the PSCCH-PSSCH transmissionoccasion.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the pathloss includes atleast one of a pathloss between the first device and the second deviceor a pathloss between the first device and a base station.
 5. The methodof claim 1, wherein the first power is determined based on a subcarrierspacing, a pathloss, and the number of resource blocks for thePSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein thefirst power is determined as a smallest value among a maximum transmitpower configured for the first device, a channel busy ratio (CBR)-basedmaximum transmit power, and a third power.
 7. The method of claim 6,wherein the third power is determined as:third power=10 log₁₀(2^(u) N)+P _(O) +α·PL wherein the u is subcarrierspacing, the N is the number of resource blocks for the PSCCH-PSSCHtransmission occasion, the P_(O) is a value configured for the firstdevice, and the α is a value configured for the first device, and the PLis a pathloss between the first device and the second device or apathloss between the first device and a base station.
 8. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising: transmitting, to the second device, areference signal, wherein transmit power of the reference signal isdetermined based on a number of antenna ports used for transmission ofthe reference signal.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the referencesignal includes at least one of channel state information(CSI)-reference signal (RS) or phase tracking (PT)-reference signal(RS).
 10. The method of claim 8, wherein transmit power of the referencesignal transmitted through one antenna port is 3 dB greater thantransmit power of the reference signal transmitted through two antennaports.
 11. A first device configured to perform wireless communication,the first device comprising: one or more memories storing instructions;one or more transceivers; and one or more processors connected to theone or more memories and the one or more transceivers, wherein the oneor more processors execute the instructions to: determine a first powerfor physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) transmission in symbols inwhich a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) related to the PSSCHtransmission is not transmitted in PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion;after the determination of the first power, determine a second power forPSCCH transmission in symbols in which the PSCCH related to the PSSCHtransmission is transmitted in the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion as:${{second}{power}} = {{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{M}{N} \right)}} + {{first}{power}}}$wherein the M is a number of resource blocks for the PSCCH transmissionin the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion, and the N is a number ofresource blocks for the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion; perform, to asecond device, the PSCCH transmission based on the second power; andperform, to the second device, the PSSCH transmission based on the firstpower.
 12. The first device of claim 11, wherein the symbols in whichthe PSCCH related to the PSSCH transmission is not transmitted and thesymbols in which the PSCCH related to the PSSCH transmission istransmitted are in the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion.
 13. The firstdevice of claim 11, wherein the first power is determined based on apathloss and the number of resource blocks for the PSCCH-PSSCHtransmission occasion.
 14. The first device of claim 13, wherein thepathloss includes at least one of a pathloss between the first deviceand the second device or a pathloss between the first device and a basestation.
 15. The first device of claim 11, wherein the first power isdetermined based on a subcarrier spacing, a pathloss, and the number ofresource blocks for the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion.
 16. Aprocessing device configured to control a first device, the processingdevice comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memoriesoperably connected to the one or more processors and storinginstructions, wherein the one or more processors execute theinstructions to: determine a first power for physical sidelink sharedchannel (PSSCH) transmission in symbols in which a physical sidelinkcontrol channel (PSCCH) related to the PSSCH transmission is nottransmitted in PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion; after thedetermination of the first power, determine a second power for PSCCHtransmission in symbols in which the PSCCH related to the PSSCHtransmission is transmitted in the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion as:${{second}{power}} = {{10{\log_{10}\left( \frac{M}{N} \right)}} + {{first}{power}}}$wherein the M is a number of resource blocks for the PSCCH transmissionin the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion, and the N is a number ofresource blocks for the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion; perform, to asecond device, the PSCCH transmission based on the second power; andperform, to the second device, the PSSCH transmission based on the firstpower.
 17. The processing device of claim 16, wherein the symbols inwhich the PSCCH related to the PSSCH transmission is not transmitted andthe symbols in which the PSCCH related to the PSSCH transmission istransmitted are in the PSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion.
 18. Theprocessing device of claim 16, wherein the first power is determinedbased on a pathloss and the number of resource blocks for thePSCCH-PSSCH transmission occasion.
 19. The processing device of claim18, wherein the pathloss includes at least one of a pathloss between thefirst device and the second device or a pathloss between the firstdevice and a base station.
 20. The processing device of claim 16,wherein the first power is determined based on a subcarrier spacing, apathloss, and the number of resource blocks for the PSCCH-PSSCHtransmission occasion.